ArticleRadiology and oncology2025
Human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma exhibits enhanced radiosensitivity despite limited activation of cytosolic DNA sensing pathways and innate immune responses.
Article in Radiology and oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundPharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) is a significant health concern, with human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) playing a key role in the etiology of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). HPV16-related OPSCC exhibits enhanced radiosensitivity compared to HPV16-unrelated PSCC, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. As HPV16 oncoproteins E6 and E7 are known to interfere with innate immune signaling, we investigated how modulation of cytosolic DNA sensing pathways and innate immune responses changes after irradiation (IR) and whether this contributes to enhanced radiosensitivity in HPV16-related OPSCC. MATERIALS AND
methodsUsing HPV16-related and -unrelated PSCC models, we examined baseline expression levels of DNA sensors and cytokines and assessed the effects of IR on double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) accumulation, activation of cytosolic DNA sensors, cytokines, and immune cell infiltration both
resultsHPV16-related OPSCC exhibited a distinct baseline expression profile of DNA sensors and cytokines, consistent with suppression of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway. While IR-induced activation of DNA sensors was dose- and time-dependent across models, HPV16-related OPSCC showed selective activation of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and STING without significant cytokine upregulation or immune activation. In contrast, HPV16-related and unrelated PSCCs displayed activation of multiple DNA sensors, increased cytokine expression, and enhanced immune cell infiltration following IR.
conclusionsThe key finding was that the involvement of cytosolic DNA sensing pathways and innate immune system do not increase radiosensitivity of HPV16-related OPSCC. In PSCC models, DNA sensor and cytokine expression varied depending on IR dose and fractionation.
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