Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41403138›Full record

SynthesisAllergy2026

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Induction of Confirmed Eosinophilic Esophagitis as a Side Effect of Allergen Immunotherapy: An EAACI Task Force Report.

Carlo Maria Rossi, Ingrid Terreehorst, Evaggelia Apostolidou, Martina Votto, Arzu Bakirtas, Antonella Cianferroni, George N Konstantinou, Katerina Pantavou, Dario Antolin-Amerigo, Enrico Heffler and 5 more

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Allergy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Taste aversion and adverse events contribute equally to OIT discontinuation in children: A real-world multi-allergen analysis.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2026
    Observational
  2. Eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026
    Review
  3. Gastrointestinal manifestations during oral immunotherapy: A guide for pediatric allergists.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Carlo Maria RossiDepartment of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1314-361X
Ingrid TerreehorstENT Department, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Evaggelia ApostolidouDepartment of Internal Medicine, "Hippocrateion" General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0277-606X
Martina VottoDepartment of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4271-8649
Arzu BakirtasDepartment of Pediatric Allergy, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7694-8944
Antonella CianferroniChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Medical School, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
George N KonstantinouDepartment of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 424 General Military Training Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1371-6764
Katerina PantavouMedical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Dario Antolin-AmerigoAllergy Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
Enrico HefflerDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0492-5663
Alberto Alvarez-PereaAllergy Service, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7417-7309
Montserrat Fernandez-RivasAllergy Department, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1748-2328
Georgios K NikolopoulosMedical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Oliver PfaarDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Rhinology and Allergy, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4374-9639
Constantinos PitsiosMedical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8935-278X

Funding

European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) established a Task Force to assess the existing data on the relationship between eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and allergen immunotherapy (AIT). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to study the incidence of confirmed EoE, developing as a side effect of AIT to food or airborne allergens, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. The literature search was performed in three databases (PubMed, Embase and Scopus). Databases were searched from inception to March 31st, 2023. A total of 17 studies met the criteria for inclusion in the review. Fifteen studies, comprising 3,302 patients, were on food desensitization, and the overall estimate of EoE incidence, combining the results of these individual studies, was 2.31% (95% CI 1.45, 3.36). Registered data reported de novo cases of eosinophilic esophagitis, and its diagnosis was usually made during the maintenance phase of food desensitization. With the adopted searching strategy, only two studies on sublingual immunotherapy with aeroallergens meeting the inclusion criteria were retrieved, comprising 1,436 patients and not reporting cases of EoE. The meta-analysis showed that the development of EoE is a common adverse effect of oral immunotherapy with food allergens, whereas it is uncommon during sublingual immunotherapy with aeroallergens. Trial Registration: PROSPERO: CRD42023425917.

Indexed as

Desensitization, ImmunologicEosinophilic EsophagitisAllergensFood HypersensitivityHumansIncidenceAllergensallergen immunotherapyeosinophilic esophagitisfood desensitization

Identifiers

PMID41403138
PMCPMC13040641

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.