SynthesisFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2025
The association between skipping breakfast and cardiovascular disease: a meta analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Associations Among Obesity, Dietary Habits, and Erectile Dysfunction in Cardiac Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a global health challenge significantly influenced by healthy behaviors. Nutritional research highlights the critical role of eating habits in the development of CVD. However, existing studies on the association between skipping breakfast and CVD have produced conflicting results. To address this controversy, we conducted a meta-analysis to clarify the relationship. Method: We performed a systematic search of the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and Web of Science databases for studies published before October 2024 to identify and assess prospective research on the relationship between skipping breakfast and CVD. In the study selection process, the PECOS framework and stringent inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied. The quality of the initially included studies was independently assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Data from the included studies, including odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), were extracted and analyzed using Stata 16.0. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to validate the results. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I Results: This meta-analysis includes 2,383,813 participants. As a result, nine studies included 13 data points. Skipping breakfast, compared to regular breakfast consumption, was associated with an increased risk of CVD (OR: 1.17, 95% CI:1.09-1.26). Cardiovascular diseases were further categorized into coronary artery disease (CAD), stroke, and cardiovascular disease mortality (CDM). Skipping breakfast was associated with an increased risk of CAD (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.05-1.24), stroke (RR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.01-1.3), and CDM (OR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.20-1.84). Conclusion: Skipping breakfast is significantly associated with increased CVD risk. Our analysis elucidates multiple pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this association. These findings collectively suggest that regular breakfast consumption may confer cardiovascular protective benefits. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42025630303, PROSPERO CRD 42025630303.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.