ArticleJournal of viral hepatitis2026
Impact of Double Reflex Testing and Linkage to Treatment on Clinical Outcomes of Chronic Hepatitis Delta Virus Infection in the United States.
Article in Journal of viral hepatitis, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03852719 (A Multicenter, Open-label, Randomized Phase 3 Clinical Study to Assess Efficacy and Safety of Bulevirtide in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis Delta), which is not on this map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Multicenter, Open-label, Randomized Phase 3 Clinical Study to Assess Efficacy and Safety of Bulevirtide in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis Delta
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Characterising Hepatitis D Virus in the UK From 2011 to 2021.Journal of viral hepatitis · 2026Article
- Hepatitis D Virus: Enigmas and Gaps of Knowledge.Viruses · 2026Review
- Impact of Double Reflex Testing and Linkage to Treatment on Clinical Outcomes of Chronic Hepatitis Delta Virus Infection in the United States.Journal of viral hepatitis · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Hepatitis D virus (HDV) screening rates in the United States are low. We evaluated the impact of double reflex-based HDV testing on HDV-related morbidity and mortality in the United States. A Screen and Treat model simulated the HDV screening cascade (decision tree) and assessed the natural history of HDV (Markov model) over a 5-year time horizon from a United States third-party payer perspective, for patients positive for HBV. The number of patients diagnosed with HDV and liver-related outcomes were compared under double reflex screening (100% patients screened for HDV antibodies and HDV RNA) and current practice (11% patients screened for HDV antibodies and 25% anti-HDV-positive patients for HDV RNA). Implementation of HDV double reflex testing predicted a 3655% increase in patients diagnosed versus current practice (n = 7231 vs. n = 193, respectively). The number of predicted occurrences of all liver-related outcomes over 5 years is lower with double reflex testing versus current practice (difference in numbers of events: -7% for compensated cirrhosis, -40% for decompensated cirrhosis, -23% for hepatocellular carcinoma, -34% for liver transplantation, and -32% for liver-related deaths). Results of scenario analyses with varying HBV prevalence, treatment received, or treatment rates were similar. Simulation of double reflex testing predicted earlier detection of HDV patients, increased numbers of patients diagnosed and treated, and reduced rates of disease progression, liver-related complications and deaths. These findings highlight the need for implementing strategies to improve HDV screening and linkage to care and treatment in the United States. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03852719.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.