Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41408758›Full record

ArticleInquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financing

Measuring Children's Knowledge of Acute Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease: Development and Validation of RHD Knowledge Scale in Nepal.

Sandeepa Karki, Shishir Paudel, Rudra Prakash Hada, Prashant Khadka, Ganesh Shetty, Dhurba Khatri, Yamuna Chhetri, Sakar Khanal, Bhagawan Koirala

Erratum issuedAbstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financing. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Sandeepa KarkiKathmandu Institute of Child Health, Hepali Heights, Budhanilkantha, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Shishir PaudelKathmandu Institute of Child Health, Hepali Heights, Budhanilkantha, Kathmandu, Nepal.ORCID 0000-0003-3077-6697
Rudra Prakash HadaKathmandu Institute of Child Health, Hepali Heights, Budhanilkantha, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Prashant KhadkaKathmandu Institute of Child Health, Hepali Heights, Budhanilkantha, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Ganesh ShettyKathmandu Institute of Child Health, Hepali Heights, Budhanilkantha, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Dhurba KhatriKathmandu Institute of Child Health, Hepali Heights, Budhanilkantha, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Yamuna ChhetriKathmandu Institute of Child Health, Hepali Heights, Budhanilkantha, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Sakar KhanalKathmandu Institute of Child Health, Hepali Heights, Budhanilkantha, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Bhagawan KoiralaKathmandu Institute of Child Health, Hepali Heights, Budhanilkantha, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) remain significant public health challenges in low- and middle-income countries, including Nepal. This study aimed to develop and validate a tool to assess children's knowledge of ARF and RHD. A 14-item multiple-choice questionnaire was developed through expert consultation and a systematic translation and back-translation process. Content validity was evaluated by 10 experts using item-level and scale-level content validity indices (I-CVI and S-CVI) and the Content Validity Ratio (CVR). A cross-sectional survey of 207 students aged 11 to 16 years was conducted in public schools. Item difficulty and discrimination indices were calculated, and internal consistency was assessed using the Kuder-Richardson Formula 20 (KR-20). Known-groups validity was tested by comparing scores across grades and prior exposure to RHD screening programs. The scale demonstrated excellent content validity (S-CVI/Ave = 0.91) and good internal consistency (KR-20 = 0.772). Item difficulty indices ranged from 0.32 to 0.61, and discrimination indices from 0.23 to 0.36, both within ideal ranges. The mean knowledge score was 6.05 ± 3.43. Higher knowledge scores were observed among older students, those in higher grades, and those previously screened for RHD (

Indexed as

Health Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeRheumatic FeverRheumatic Heart DiseaseAdolescentChildCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleNepalReproducibility of ResultsSurveys and Questionnairesacute rheumatic feverchildrenknowledge toolNepalRHD awarenessRHD knowledge scalerheumatic heart diseasevalidation

Identifiers

PMID41408758
PMCPMC12715152

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.