Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41411235›Full record

ArticlePloS one2025

The hidden risks of polypharmacy: Exploring potentially inappropriate prescribing with STOPP/START criteria version 3-A cross-sectional study.

Mikołaj Szoszkiewicz, Ewa Deskur-Śmielecka, Arkadiusz Styszyński, Marcel Kusyń, Kamila Krzemińska, Barbara Więckowska, Agnieszka Neumann-Podczaska, Katarzyna Wieczorowska-Tobis

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Mikołaj SzoszkiewiczDepartment of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Doctoral School, Geriatric Unit, Poznan, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8353-0837
Ewa Deskur-ŚmieleckaDepartment of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit, Poznan, Poland.
Arkadiusz StyszyńskiDepartment of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit, Poznan, Poland.
Marcel KusyńDepartment of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, The Student Scientific Society of Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Geriatrics Research Group, Poznan, Poland.
Kamila KrzemińskaDepartment of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, The Student Scientific Society of Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Geriatrics Research Group, Poznan, Poland.
Barbara WięckowskaDepartment of Computer Science and Statistics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Agnieszka Neumann-PodczaskaDepartment of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit, Poznan, Poland.
Katarzyna Wieczorowska-TobisDepartment of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit, Poznan, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Polypharmacy and inappropriate prescribing are critical challenges in geriatric medicine, leading to adverse drug reactions, hospitalizations, and increased healthcare costs. The updated STOPP/START version 3 criteria provide an expanded tool for identifying potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) and potentially prescribing omissions (PPOs) in older adults. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of PIMs and PPOs in a cohort of partially dependent older patients and identify factors associated with prescribing inappropriateness. A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in two day-care centres in Poland. The study included 296 patients with polypharmacy (≥5 medications) and partial dependency. PIMs and PPOs were identified using STOPP/START version 3, and data were analyzed for factors influencing the prevalence of inappropriate prescribing. STOPP version 3 identified 543 PIMs in 73.6% of participants, with the most frequent related to analgesics as well as acetylsalicylic acid in cardiovascular indications. START version 3 detected 517 PPOs in 78.7% of patients, with cardiovascular treatments and laxatives being the most commonly omitted. Factors influencing PIMs prevalence included the number of received medications, the diagnosis of depression, and recurrent falls in the previous year. PPOs prevalence was significantly associated with multimorbidity, a high number of received medications, the diagnosis of heart failure, coronary artery disease, benign prostate hyperplasia and depression. Our study highlights the importance of using tools for optimizing pharmacotherapy due to the high prevalence of both PIMs and PPOs. Many frequent inappropriate prescribing regard relatively new medications and refer to recent updates in evidence-based medicine.

Indexed as

Inappropriate PrescribingPolypharmacyPotentially Inappropriate Medication ListAgedAged, 80 and overCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMalePrevalenceRetrospective StudiesRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID41411235
PMCPMC12714279

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.