ArticleJMIR human factors2025
Organizational Readiness for Change in the Era of Smart Hospital Wards: Qualitative Study of Health Care Workers' Insights.
Article in JMIR human factors, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundTechnology is rapidly reshaping conventional hospital environments into smart spaces, enhancing care, improving clinical workflows, and reducing workloads. However, successful implementation depends not only on the effectiveness of the technology but also on organizational readiness for change.
objectiveThis study aimed to identify the key enablers and barriers to readiness for change for a smart hospital ward initiative.
methodsWe conducted a qualitative study to gauge organizational readiness for change for a smart ward initiative. Using purposive sampling, we captured diverse views from clinicians, IT staff, operational support staff, and health care redesign staff. Data were coded deductively under 3 key domains in Weiner's theory of organizational readiness: change efficacy, change commitment, and contextual factors. Subthemes were derived inductively under each domain.
resultsWe interviewed 19 participants, including clinicians and support staff. Six subthemes emerged: (1) perceived valence and feasibility; (2) transparency and trust in management; (3) shared understanding and readiness to act; (4) resources, training, and staff capability; (5) innovation culture; and (6) past experiences. Participants viewed the initiative as valuable and were motivated to change, citing that the institution's innovation culture was a key enabler. However, there were key barriers, including unclear timelines, inconsistent training, limited resources, and a lack of infrastructure to support innovation. Concerns about overreliance on technology were also prominent, with staff wary of its impact on clinical judgment and system reliability.
conclusionsEnabling readiness for the smart ward initiative requires transparent communication of timelines and project awareness, particularly for ground staff, the development of training frameworks, and adequate prioritization of innovation. Alleviating commonly reported technology concerns, such as overreliance, loss of human touch, and system reliability, will also be key to adoption and sustainability.
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