Evidence mapPaperPMID 41417836Full record

ArticlePloS one2025

Assessing readiness of health facilities for hypertension and integration with diabetes care in Bangladesh: Evidence from the National Service Provision Assessment Survey.

Jannat-E-Mim Jisan, Mosiur Rahman, Md Sarwar Zahan, Prosannajid Sarkar, Md Rashed Alam, Wazedul Islam, Farhana Akhter Liza, Majharul Islam, Md Mamunur Rashid, Anika Tabashsum and 2 more

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Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

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2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Jannat-E-Mim JisanDepartment of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.
Mosiur RahmanDepartment of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0612-8369
Md Sarwar ZahanInstitute of Educational Development, Brac University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Prosannajid SarkarDr. Wazed Research and Training Institute, Begum Rokeya University in Rangpur, Rangpur, Bangladesh.
Md Rashed AlamDepartment of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.
Wazedul IslamDepartment of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.
Farhana Akhter LizaDepartment of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.
Majharul IslamDepartment of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.
Md Mamunur RashidDepartment of Population Science, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6132-9876
Anika TabashsumDepartment of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.
Chowdhury Mashrur MahdeeDepartment of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1772-3475
Fahim SahriarDepartment of Political Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHypertension (HT) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are two major noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) with a high rate of comorbidity that utilize similar health system resources. Limited evidence exists, however, on the level of readiness of health facilities in Bangladesh to manage HT and integrated HT-DM care. The objective of this study was an assessment of facility readiness for HT and integrated HT-DM management and to identify key factors influencing levels of readiness.

methodsThe study involved the analysis of data from 382 health facilities at or above sub-district level from the most recent nationally representative dataset, the 2017 Bangladesh Health Facility Survey (BHFS). Readiness for HT and integrated HT-DM services was assessed based on composite scores as constructed from the WHO-Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) indicators. Negative binomial regression models were applied to determine the factors associated with facility readiness.

resultsFacilities showed low readiness scores for both HT and integrated HT-DM care, with mean scores of 3.72 (out of 8) and 6.71 (out of 16), respectively. Although most facilities have basic equipment like BP apparatuses (98.7%) and stethoscopes (98.8%), a huge gap is observed in the training of staff (20.5%) and availability of guidelines for management (16.6%) of HT, diagnostic tools for DM, and essential medicines including ACE inhibitors (7.3%), thiazide diuretics (12.0%), and metformin (49.4%). Significant determinants of HT readiness included type of facility, client feedback system, and the number of HT care providers, while for integrated HT-DM readiness, important predictors were a type of facility, treatment-only service provision, client feedback mechanism, and structure of user-fees.

conclusionsIn Bangladesh, health facilities are still not adequately ready to deliver integrated HT-DM services, illustrating deficits in human resources, clinical protocols, diagnostics, and availability of medicines at an overall system level. There are several areas that need improvement-the need for strengthening integrated training, free availability of medicines, client feedback systems, and collaboration between the public-private-NGO sectors. The results, though based on 2017 data, remain important in capturing system readiness prior to the reform and serve as a nationally representative baseline to assess the upspring of HT and NCD program improvements in Bangladesh.

Indexed as

Delivery of Health Care, IntegratedDiabetes MellitusHealth FacilitiesHypertensionBangladeshHumansSurveys and Questionnaires

Identifiers

PMID41417836
PMCPMC12716694

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.