Evidence mapPaperPMID 41422111Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Associations between lifestyle, malnutrition, and health risks in a comprehensive population-based analysis.

Maxime A Banck, Stephan H Bernhart, Luise Müller, Ronny Baber, Samira Zeynalova, Christoph Engel, Markus Scholz, Kerstin Wirkner, Fabian Eichelmann, Zoe Vente and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Maxime A BanckMedical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.
Stephan H BernhartInterdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Luise MüllerMedical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.
Ronny BaberInstitute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostic, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Samira ZeynalovaInstitute for Medical Informatics, Statistics, and Epidemiology (IMISE), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Christoph EngelLIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Markus ScholzInstitute for Medical Informatics, Statistics, and Epidemiology (IMISE), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Kerstin WirknerLIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Fabian EichelmannDepartment of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.
Zoe VenteDepartment of Angiology, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
Peter KovacsMedical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.
Sabine SteinerDepartment of Angiology, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. sabine.steiner@helmholtz-munich.de.
Maria KellerMedical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany. maria.keller@helmholtz-munich.de.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Obesity, lifestyle factors, and malnutrition increase the risk of cardiovascular events and mortality, however the interplay between lifestyle and malnutrition remains underexplored. We hypothesize that a healthier lifestyle score (lower LS)-reflecting favorable diet, higher physical activity, non-smoking, and low alcohol intake-is associated with lower cardiovascular risk (Framingham Risk Score, FRS) and reduced mortality in the LIFE-Adult-Study, and together may sharpen risk detection and prevention. We assessed the LS in 6073 participants of the LIFE-Adult-Study and analyzed associations with cardiometabolic biomarkers and FRS using multivariable linear regression (ANCOVA with post-hoc tests). All-cause mortality and malnutrition (CONUT, PNI, NRI) were analyzed across Lifestyle Score terciles using Cox models. LS categorization revealed 2038 individuals with low, 2140 with moderate, and 1895 with high lifestyle scores. Across LS terciles (higher LS = less healthy), BMI and triglycerides increased, while HDL decreased (ANCOVA; BMI adjusted for age and sex; lipids additionally for BMI; all p < 0.001). Malnutrition decreased with an increasing lifestyle score, while the FRS increased from 6.3 (LS ≤ 21) to 9.0% (LS > 32; p < 1 × 10⁻⁷). Participants with the unhealthiest LS had higher mortality, predominantly driven by smoking. The LS categorizes health status via metabolic parameters and identifies links to cardiovascular risk and malnutrition in the LIFE-Adult cohort, highlighting the value of integrating lifestyle factors into clinical diagnostics.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesLife StyleMalnutritionAdultAgedBiomarkersBody Mass IndexExerciseFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsBiomarkers

Identifiers

PMID41422111
PMCPMC12722294

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.