ReviewFrontiers in psychiatry2025
Glymphatic system and psychiatric disorders: need for a new paradigm?
Review in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Hemispheric Asymmetries in Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Pooled it
- Digital phenotyping and digital monitoring technologies for relapse detection in mental health: a systematic review.BMC psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Trajectories of Frailty and Depression and Their Associations with the Risk of Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: Findings from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study and Validation of Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Distributional Characterization of CBC-Derived Inflammatory Indices in Hospitalized Patients with Schizophrenia.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Nature-Based Interventions for Individuals with Psychiatric Disorders: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review with Random-Effects Meta-Analysis of Mental Health and Functional Outcomes.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Bidirectional relationship between depression and long COVID symptoms: findings from the Sulcovid-19 longitudinal survey.BMC public health · 2026Article
- The correlations of insomnia symptoms with psychopathology and hematological parameters as well as gender differences in patients with schizophrenia.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Vitamin D and Vitamin BDiseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Osteoarthritis and dementia: contrasting disorders driven by mutual pathways of autophagy, mTOR, GLP-1, AMPK, Wnt, and WISP1.Expert review of clinical pharmacology · 2026Review
- Therapeutic Adherence Promotion Program for Severe Mental Illness: The ADHERA Study Protocol.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Brainstem Raphe Echogenicity and Insomnia in Type 2 Diabetes: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Machine Learning-Based Identification of Functional Dysregulation Characteristics in Core Brain Networks of Adolescents with Bipolar Disorder Using Task-fMRI.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Agitation, Alzheimer's disease, and autophagy: mechanistic insights into aging pathways, gut microbiome, and artificial intelligence.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Synaptic micromechanics and brain softening as a mechanobiological hypothesis for Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Review
- Blood Concentrations of Folic Acid and Homocysteine Are Associated with Treatment-Resistant Depression Among Female Depressed Patients.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Elevated glutamine but not glutamate is associated with clozapine eligibility in an early psychosis sample.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Cognitive behavioral therapy combined with aripiprazole in the treatment of schizophrenia: effects on cognitive function and psychological state.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Association Between Sleep Quality and Cognitive Function in Patients with Hypertension in Rural Areas of Shanxi Province, China: The Chain Mediating Role of Anxiety and Depression.Psychology research and behavior management · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders like depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and post-traumatic stress Disorder have conventionally theorized on alterations in neurotransmitters, receptor pharmacodynamics, and neural connectivity. However, recent research points to a complementary framework involving the glymphatic system, a specialized glial lymphatic pathway that removes metabolic waste products, particularly during deep sleep, through the coordinated action of cerebrospinal fluid, interstitial fluid, and the aquaporin 4 channels of astrocytes. When the glymphatic network is compromised, neurotoxic proteins, such as beta-amyloid and tau, and inflammatory mediators can accumulate, potentially exacerbating insomnia, inflammation, and circadian disturbances. These same processes often occur in psychiatric disorders, fueling oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and cognitive decline. New neuroimaging methods, such as diffusion tensor imaging and the analysis Along the Perivascular Space, ALPS, index, allow clinicians and researchers to quantify perivascular flow deficits
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.