Evidence mapPaperPMID 41427059Full record

ArticleJournal of medical imaging (Bellingham, Wash.)2025

Data-driven abdominal phenotypes of type 2 diabetes in lean, overweight, and obese cohorts from computed tomography.

Lucas W Remedios, Chloe Cho, Trent M Schwartz, Dingjie Su, Gaurav Rudravaram, Chenyu Gao, Aravind R Krishnan, Adam M Saunders, Michael E Kim, Shunxing Bao and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of medical imaging (Bellingham, Wash.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Lucas W RemediosVanderbilt University, Department of Computer Science, Nashville, Tennessee, United States.
Chloe ChoVanderbilt University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5114-001X
Trent M SchwartzVanderbilt University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1332-5762
Dingjie SuVanderbilt University, Department of Computer Science, Nashville, Tennessee, United States.
Gaurav RudravaramVanderbilt University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee, United States.
Chenyu GaoVanderbilt University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2098-3035
Aravind R KrishnanVanderbilt University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee, United States.
Adam M SaundersVanderbilt University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2912-9759
Michael E KimVanderbilt University, Department of Computer Science, Nashville, Tennessee, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3562-2688
Shunxing BaoVanderbilt University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6376-4292
Alvin C PowersVanderbilt University Medical Center, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1941-5786
Bennett A LandmanVanderbilt University, Department of Computer Science, Nashville, Tennessee, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5733-2127
John VirostkoUniversity of Texas at Austin, Dell Medical School, Department of Diagnostic Medicine, Austin, Texas, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3413-8801

Funding

Diabetes Prediction During Pregnancy and In Utero Using Pancreas MRIR01HD115565 · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN · 2025 to 2025
$629k
Integrated Training in Engineering and DiabetesT32DK101003 · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$393k
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD115565NIDDK NIH HHS R03 DK129979NIDDK NIH HHS T32 DK101003
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: Although elevated body mass index (BMI) is a well-known risk factor for type 2 diabetes, the disease's presence in some lean adults and absence in others with obesity suggests that more detailed measurements of body composition may uncover abdominal phenotypes of type 2 diabetes. With artificial intelligence (AI) and computed tomography (CT), we can now leverage robust image segmentation to extract detailed measurements of size, shape, and tissue composition from abdominal organs, abdominal muscle, and abdominal fat depots in 3D clinical imaging at scale. This creates an opportunity to empirically define body composition signatures linked to type 2 diabetes risk and protection using large-scale clinical data. Approach: We studied imaging records of 1728 de-identified patients from Vanderbilt University Medical Center with BMI collected from the electronic health record. To uncover BMI-specific diabetic abdominal patterns from clinical CT, we applied our design four times: once on the full cohort ( Results: Across the full, lean, overweight, and obese cohorts, the random forest classifier achieved a mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.72 to 0.74. SHAP highlighted shared type 2 diabetes signatures in each group-fatty skeletal muscle, older age, greater visceral and subcutaneous fat, and a smaller or fat-laden pancreas. Univariate logistic regression confirmed the direction of 14 to 18 of the top 20 predictors within each subgroup ( Conclusions: We found similar abdominal signatures of type 2 diabetes across the separate lean, overweight, and obese groups, which suggests that the abdominal drivers of type 2 diabetes may be consistent across weight classes. Although our model had a modest AUC, the explainable components allowed for a clear interpretation of feature importance. In addition, in both lean and obese subgroups, the most important feature for identifying type 2 diabetes was fatty skeletal muscle.

Indexed as

abdomenbody compositioncomputed tomographyexplainable artificial intelligencepattern discoveryphenotypetype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID41427059
PMCPMC12712129

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.