Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41428485›Full record

ArticleCell reports2026

An ultrastructural map of a spinal sensorimotor circuit reveals the potential of astroglia modulation.

Zachary M Koh, Ricky Avalos Arceo, Jacob Hammer, Khang Chau, Sarah E W Light, Antonio Dolojan, Michał Januszewski, Fabian Svara, Cody J Smith

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cell reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Zachary M KohDepartment of Biological Sciences, The University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA; The Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.
Ricky Avalos ArceoDepartment of Biological Sciences, The University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA; The Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.
Jacob HammerDepartment of Biological Sciences, The University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA; The Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.
Khang ChauDepartment of Biological Sciences, The University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA; The Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.
Sarah E W LightDepartment of Biological Sciences, The University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA; The Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.
Antonio DolojanDepartment of Biological Sciences, The University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA; The Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.
Michał JanuszewskiGoogle Research at Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Fabian Svaraariadne.ai ag, Buchrain, Switzerland.
Cody J SmithDepartment of Biological Sciences, The University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA; The Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA. Electronic address: csmith67@nd.edu.

Funding

An Integrative approach to elucidate glial diversity and its role in brain functionalityDP2NS117177 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME · PI SMITH, CODY J. · 2019 to 2019
$2.3M
NINDS NIH HHS DP2 NS117177
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Information flow through circuits is dictated by the precise connectivity of neurons and glia. However, how glial-synaptic interactions are arranged within a single circuit to impact information flow remains understudied. Here, we use the local spinal sensorimotor circuit in zebrafish as a model to understand how neurons and astroglia are connected in a vertebrate circuit. With semi-automated cellular reconstructions and automated synaptic mapping of all cells, we identify the precise synaptic connections and the astroglia, including bona fide astrocytes, that physically associate with those synapses. Tripartite synapses are equally distributed across the circuit, and singular astroglia interact multiple times within a single circuit and across circuits. Using this ultrastructural map, we model synaptic thresholding and glial modulation on information flow. We validate this mapping by imaging neurons and glia with GCaMP6s. This work provides a foundational map that offers insights in how glia could influence information flow in complex neural networks.

Indexed as

AstrocytesNerve NetSpinal CordAnimalsNeuronsSynapsesZebrafishAstrocyteastroglia modulationcircuitconntectomeCP: NeuroscienceDRGsensorimotorspinal cordtripartitezebrafish

Identifiers

PMID41428485
PMCPMC12958134

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.