ArticleClinical rheumatology2026
Effects of cognitive-motor dual-task walking on gait and pain in primary Sjögren's syndrome: a comparative cross-sectional study.
Article in Clinical rheumatology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of dual task performance on gait and pain in patients with Sjögren's syndrome and to investigate the relationship between dual task gait parameters, disease activity, and sociodemographic characteristics.
methodsThis cross-sectional study included 92 participants, consisting of 46 patients diagnosed with Sjögren's syndrome according to the 2016 ACR/EULAR classification criteria and 46 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Demographic, clinical, and functional data were collected. Disease activity was assessed with the EULAR Sjögren's Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI), and pain was evaluated using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Gait performance was measured under single task, cognitive dual task, and motor dual task conditions using the Dual Task Walking Test.
resultsPatients with Sjögren's syndrome had significantly longer walking times than controls under single task (15.0 ± 2.5 s vs. 12.3 ± 2.9 s, p < 0.001), cognitive dual task (32.4 ± 19.3 s vs. 15.3 ± 11.3 s, p < 0.001), and motor dual task conditions (12.8 ± 12.9 s vs. 2.8 ± 6.6 s, p < 0.001). Disease activity strongly correlated with cognitive (r = 0.932, p < 0.001) and motor dual task times (r = 0.913, p < 0.001). ROC analysis identified cognitive dual-task walking time as the best predictor for distinguishing patients with Sjögren's syndrome from healthy controls (AUC = 0.779, sensitivity = 70%, specificity = 76%, cut-off = 21.9 s).
conclusionDual task performance is significantly impaired in Sjögren's syndrome and closely linked to disease activity, suggesting its value as a sensitive functional marker in clinical management. Keypoints • Dual task gait performance (cognitive and motor) is significantly impaired in patients with Sjögren's syndrome compared to healthy controls. • Disease activity (ESSDAI) shows strong correlations with dual task performance, highlighting its impact on functional mobility. • Cognitive dual-task walking time demonstrated the highest diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing patients with Sjögren's syndrome. • Lower educational level was associated with higher disease activity and worse gait performance, indicating the role of sociodemographic factors. • Dual task assessment may serve as a sensitive functional marker in clinical evaluation and rehabilitation strategies for Sjögren's syndrome.
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