Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41430560›Full record

ArticleThe journal of headache and pain2025

A mouse model of classical trigeminal neuralgia via intradural compression of the trigeminal nerve.

Mostafa W Abdulrahim, Yanxia Chen, Sumil K Nair, Qian Xu, Yaowu Zhang, Oishika Das, Ryan Gensler, James Feghali, A Karim Ahmed, Christopher M Jackson and 5 more

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In one paragraph

Article in The journal of headache and pain, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Mostafa W AbdulrahimDepartment of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Yanxia ChenThe Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Center for Sensory Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Sumil K NairDepartment of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Qian XuThe Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Center for Sensory Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Yaowu ZhangDepartment of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Oishika DasDepartment of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Ryan GenslerDepartment of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
James FeghaliDepartment of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
A Karim AhmedDepartment of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Christopher M JacksonDepartment of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Judy HuangDepartment of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Youssef G ComairDepartment of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Chetan BettegowdaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Xinzhong DongDepartment of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Risheng XuDepartment of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. rxu4@jhmi.edu.

Funding

Functional Analysis of Mrgpr Family in itch sensationR37NS054791 · NINDS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Xinzhong Dong · 2022 to 2026
$2.9M
Mrgprb2 mediated neuroinflammation after cerebral ischemiaK08NS131599 · NINDS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI RISHENG XU · 2023 to 2026
$798k
AANS/CNS Young investigator awardNIH HHS 1K08NS131599NIH HHS R37NS054791NINDS NIH HHS K08 NS131599NINDS NIH HHS R37 NS054791
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionTrigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a debilitating orofacial pain condition that adversely affects quality of life. Although heterogeneous, the most common form of TN is classical TN, characterized by paroxysmal bouts of pain in response to otherwise innocuous stimuli. It is believed that classical TN results from neurovascular compression of the trigeminal nerve. However, the underlying pathophysiology of TN is not well understood, thus limiting the development of targeted therapies. Current animal models lack translational relevance, particularly in their inability to replicate intradural nerve root compression, a core anatomic component of TN.

methodsWe developed a TN mouse model that achieves intradural nerve root compression via a retro-orbital approach confirmed by anatomic dissection and magnetic resonance imaging. To assess behavioral outcomes, we measured orofacial pain through facial wiping and interaction with a reward stimulus. Pharmacological responsiveness was tested using carbamazepine administration. Mechanistic studies included calcium imaging of trigeminal ganglia (TG), electrophysiologic recordings to measure resting membrane potential and rheobase, and immunohistochemical analysis of the TG.

resultsThe model elicited orofacial neuropathic pain, substantiated by increased facial wiping and reduced interaction with a reward stimulus, behaviors that suggest both spontaneous and evoked pain. Carbamazepine attenuated these behaviors, suggesting pharmacologic relevance to current TN treatment. Calcium imaging showed heightened spontaneous activity in the TG, and electrophysiologic recordings revealed an increased resting membrane potential and a reduced rheobase. Finally, immunohistochemical studies showed infiltration of CD45 + cells, demyelination and an increase in CGRP expression in the TG, supporting the presence of neuroinflammation after nerve root compression.

conclusionThese findings show that our approach replicates the anatomy and clinical presentation of classical TN in humans. This model may represent a new and robust platform for future mechanistic studies of TN and subsequent preclinical evaluation of therapies in mice.

Indexed as

Disease Models, AnimalNerve Compression SyndromesTrigeminal NerveTrigeminal NeuralgiaAnimalsCarbamazepineMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLTrigeminal GanglionCarbamazepineCarbamazepineEvoked painIntradural compressionSpontaneous painTrigeminal neuralgia

Identifiers

PMID41430560
PMCPMC12860069

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.