Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41432136›Full record

ArticleEndocrine connections2026

Higher serum IgG4 levels correlate with better quality of life in mild Graves' orbitopathy: a preliminary report.

Chia-Hung Lin, Yi-Chieh Lee, Yen-Chung Hsiue, Yi-Hsuan Wei, Chung-Wei Lee, Chung-Yi Yang, Kang-Chih Fan, I-Weng Yen, Ching Lu, Tse-Ying Huang and 2 more

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Article in Endocrine connections, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

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No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Chia-Hung LinDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8995-7420
Yi-Chieh LeeDepartment of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan.
Yen-Chung HsiueDepartment of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan.
Yi-Hsuan WeiDepartment of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Chung-Wei LeeDepartment of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Chung-Yi YangDepartment of Medical Imaging, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Kang-Chih FanGraduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
I-Weng YenDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Ching LuDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan.
Tse-Ying HuangDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan.
Chun-Hsien LinAnfulin Clinic, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan.
Shyang-Rong ShihDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7424-1358

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Graves' orbitopathy (GO) profoundly affects patients' quality of life, even in its mild form, yet the underlying factors contributing to this impairment remain underexplored. Recent evidence suggests the potential immune tolerance-inducing effect of immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) in the pathogenesis of GO. However, its specific impact on quality of life and its significance in mild GO have not been well characterized. Methods: This prospective multicenter study included patients with mild GO who were in euthyroidism. Quality of life was assessed using the validated GO-quality of life questionnaire (GO-QoL). Serum IgG4 levels and IgG4/IgG ratios were measured and analyzed in relation to GO-QoL scores and other clinical and biochemical parameters. Results: Patients with mild GO exhibited significantly impaired quality of life, with the greatest impact seen in the appearance subscale. Notably, serum IgG4 levels were positively correlated with visual functioning scores in the GO-QoL (ρ = 0.248, P = 0.0466). Higher serum IgG4 levels were also associated with less limitation in driving and a longer duration of GO. Moreover, serum IgG4 levels and IgG4/IgG ratios showed significant positive correlations with male sex and clinical activity score. Conclusions: This study highlights the significant impairment in the quality of life experienced by patients with mild GO and identifies serum IgG4 as a promising indicator for evaluating disease chronicity and quality of life, which may help guide different treatment strategies. Further prospective and basic studies are required to explore the role of IgG4 in the pathogenesis of GO.

Indexed as

Graves’ orbitopathyimmunoglobulin G4quality of lifethyroid eye disease

Identifiers

PMID41432136
PMCPMC12793971

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.