ArticlePloS one2025
Is glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency associated with COVID-19 infection, severity, and death? A cohort study from the Brazilian Amazon.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Temporal and spatial trends in infectious disease mortality in Amazonas, Brazil, 2013-2024: implications for surveillance.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2026Article
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14 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundGlucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDd) is a common genetic disorder that impairs the cellular antioxidant response and has been hypothesized as a potential risk factor for severe outcomes in viral infections, including COVID-19. However, clinical evidence remains limited, especially in regions with high G6PDd prevalence.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study using secondary data from four health information systems from health facilities in the Brazilian Amazon (E-SUS Notifica, SIVEP-Gripe, SIM, and a G6PD enzyme activity database). The study population consisted of 3,955 male participants, including 206 with confirmed G6PDd. We used logistic regression to assess associations between G6PDd and COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, and death. Cox proportional hazards models and Kaplan-Meier curves were applied to evaluate time-to-event outcomes.
resultsNo statistically significant association was found between G6PDd and SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR = 1.15; 95% CI: 0.70-1.79; p = 0.6), hospitalization (OR = 1.13; 95% CI: 0.27-3.20; p = 0.8), or death (OR = 0.00; p > 0.9). Age was a significant risk factor for all outcomes, and individuals identified as Asian had a higher likelihood of infection (OR = 2.87; 95% CI: 1.57-5.29; p < 0.001).
conclusionIn this cohort from the Brazilian Amazon, G6PD deficiency was not associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 infection or severe outcomes. These findings emphasize the importance of considering ethnic and genetic diversity in epidemiological analyses and health policy planning, particularly in regions with high G6PDd prevalence.
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