ArticleNature methods2026
Glutamate indicators with increased sensitivity and tailored deactivation rates.
Article in Nature methods, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Tuft Dendrite Spikes Are Accompanied by Selective Input From Distinct Functional Networks.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- A sensitive orange fluorescent calcium ion indicator for imaging neural activity.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Restless Legs Syndrome: A Network Model of Iron-Dependent Neuromodulation-A Narrative Review.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- APOE is a presynaptic protein that accumulates with age and modulates neurotransmitter release.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- BLIMPS: a technique for tandem biosensor imaging across multiple populations of presynaptic terminals, using lattice light sheet microscopy.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- MAcro Plant Projection Imaging (MAPPI): An open, scalable platform for whole-plant fluorescence real-time imaging.Science advances · 2026Article
- Fast dendritic excitations primarily mediate back-propagation in CA1 pyramidal neurons during behavior.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
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Abstract
Understanding how neurons integrate signals from thousands of input synapses requires methods to monitor neurotransmission across many sites simultaneously. The fluorescent protein glutamate indicator iGluSnFR enables visualization of synaptic signaling, but the sensitivity, scale and speed of such measurements are limited by existing variants. Here we developed two highly sensitive fourth-generation iGluSnFR variants with fast activation and tailored deactivation rates: iGluSnFR4f for tracking rapid dynamics, and iGluSnFR4s for recording from large populations of synapses. These indicators detect glutamate with high spatial specificity and single-vesicle sensitivity in vivo. We used them to record natural patterns of synaptic transmission across multiple experimental contexts in mice, including two-photon imaging in cortical layers 1-4 and hippocampal CA1, and photometry in the midbrain. The iGluSnFR4 variants extend the speed, sensitivity and scalability of glutamate imaging, enabling direct observation of information flow through neural networks in the intact brain.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.