Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41436982›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2025

The cascade of hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control in urban-poor communities in Accra, Ghana: a population-based household survey.

Olutobi Adekunle Sanuade, Leonard Baatiema, Irene Akwo Kretchy, Lydia Okoibhole, Sandra Boatemaa Kushitor, Carlos S Grijalva-Eternod, Swaib Abubaker Lule, Daniel Arhinful, Kwadwo Koram, Edward Fottrell

Abstract read
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Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Olutobi Adekunle Sanuade *Department of Population Health Sciences, Division of Health System Innovation and Research, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States of America. Olutobi.sanuade@hsc.utah.edu.
Leonard Baatiema *Department of Health Policy, Planning and Management, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Irene Akwo KretchyDepartment of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Lydia OkoibholeInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Sandra Boatemaa KushitorDepartment of Community Health, Ensign Global College, Kpong, Ghana.
Carlos S Grijalva-EternodInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Swaib Abubaker LuleInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Daniel ArhinfulNoguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Kwadwo KoramNoguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Edward FottrellInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.

Funding

Medical Research Council (MRC) through the United Kingdom Research and Innovation (UKRI) MR/T029919/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHypertension is the leading modifiable risk factor for morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases and poses a significant health challenge in low- and middle-income settings, including in sub-Saharan Africa. We set out to: (1) examine the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension, and their associated factors, and (2) determine the prevalence of pre-hypertension and its associated factors in an urban poor setting in Ghana.

methodsThis population-based household survey was conducted among a random sample of 854 participants aged ≥ 25 years in Ga Mashie, Accra. Blood pressure was measured using standard protocol. Data were analyzed using multivariable binary logistic regression. Results were presented as adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and their associated 95% confidence intervals (CI).

resultsOf the 854 participants (64.1% women; median age [IQR], 46.0 [14.0] years), 47.3% (95% CI: 44.0%-50.7%) had hypertension, of whom 45.5% (95% CI: 40.7–50.4) were aware, 36.1% (95% CI: 31.6–41.0) received treatment in the last 12 months, 30.0% (95% CI: 25.7–34.6) were on treatment in the last 14 days and 16.1% (95% CI: 12.8–20.0) achieved adequate blood pressure control. Being overweight/obese (AOR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.01–1.96) and having a family history of diabetes (AOR = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.24–3.33) were associated with hypertension prevalence. Those with diabetes (AOR = 2.95, 95% CI = 1.18–7.38) and current alcohol consumers (AOR = 2.63, 95% CI = 1.15–7.38) were more likely to have controlled hypertension compared to their counterparts. Pre-hypertension prevalence was 27.8%, and the determinants include being male, being employed and having a high household size.

conclusionsAlthough high rates of hypertension and prehypertension were reported in this study, awareness, treatment, and control rates were relatively low. These findings suggest that adults in Ga Mashie run a high risk of hypertension complications such as cardiovascular diseases and stroke, and this calls for urgent interventions to reduce blood pressure levels and exposure to hypertension risks in the community.

Indexed as

Health Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHypertensionPoverty AreasUrban PopulationAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleGhanaHealth SurveysHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrehypertensionPrevalenceRisk FactorsGa mashieGhanaHigh blood pressureHypertensionHypertension controlHypertension treatmentPrehypertensionSurveyUrban-poor

Identifiers

PMID41436982
PMCPMC12729810

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.