Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41436987›Full record

ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2025

Community health workers' usability and acceptability of an mHealth tool for post-cesarean assessments: A mixed-methods study in rural Rwanda.

Eve Hiyori Estrada, Bethany Hedt-Gauthier, Jonathan Nkurunziza, Marthe Kubwimana, Sarah Nuss, Callum Forbes, Faith Odwaro, Carol Mugabo, Adeline Adwoa Boatin, Musafiri Tumusime and 11 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Eve Hiyori EstradaDepartment of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA. eve_estrada@hms.harvard.edu.
Bethany Hedt-GauthierDepartment of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
Jonathan NkurunzizaPartners In Health/Inshuti Mu Buzima, Kigali, Rwanda.
Marthe KubwimanaPartners In Health/Inshuti Mu Buzima, Kigali, Rwanda.
Sarah NussProgram in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Callum ForbesProgram in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Faith OdwaroProgram in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Carol MugaboPartners In Health/Inshuti Mu Buzima, Kigali, Rwanda.
Adeline Adwoa BoatinProgram in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Musafiri TumusimePartners In Health/Inshuti Mu Buzima, Kigali, Rwanda.
Laban BikorimanaPartners In Health/Inshuti Mu Buzima, Kigali, Rwanda.
Naphtal NyirimanziPartners In Health/Inshuti Mu Buzima, Kigali, Rwanda.
Anne NiyigenaPartners In Health/Inshuti Mu Buzima, Kigali, Rwanda.
Siona PrasadHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Robert RivielloDepartment of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
Fredrick KateeraPartners In Health/Inshuti Mu Buzima, Kigali, Rwanda.
Andrew OryonoPartners In Health/Inshuti Mu Buzima, Kigali, Rwanda.
Kelly BogaertDenver Health, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA.
Richard Ribon FletcherDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Nissi ByiringiroInsightiv LTD, Kigali, Rwanda.
Vincent Kalumire CubakaDepartment of Community Health and Social Medicine, Univeristy of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda.

Funding

Partnership for Global Health Research Training Program (Renewal)-Supplement for OBSSR, NCI, NCI-AIDS and NIDCDD43TW010543 · FIC · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI Wafaie W Fawzi, DAVIDSON HOWES HAMER · 2017 to 2026
$12.1M
FIC NIH HHS D43 TW010543
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionCesarean sections (c-sections) are one of the most common surgical procedures globally. Compared to vaginal birth there is an increased risk of postpartum complications following c-section. Returning to health facilities for postpartum monitoring can be challenging due to physical, logistic, and financial barriers, particularly for rural communities. With 94% of Kirehe District’s population being rural, this district is an excellent proxy for Rwanda as a whole. Community health workers (CHWs) provide a crucial link between communities and health services, but in Rwanda they do not currently follow women after cesarean due to medical complexity. Our team developed a mobile-health (mHealth) tool to enable CHW-led community-based post-cesarean care. In this study, we assessed the usability and acceptability of the mHealth tool among CHWs in Kirehe District, Rwanda.

methodsThe study took place from March-April 2023. We randomly selected 30 CHWs serving in Kirehe District, Rwanda and trained them to use the mHealth-CHW tool, including symptom-based questionnaire administration and image capture. We then administered three vignettes each replicating home visits and recorded CHWs’ ability to use the tool. CHWs then completed a validated Community Health Worker mHealth Usability and Acceptability Assessment Tool survey followed by a focus group discussion. We report the overall vignette scenario scores, and the average score, percentage, and standard deviation of each category. We analyzed the proportion of CHWs who “Agreed” or “Strongly agreed” with the survey questions, conducted a thematic analysis of the focus group discussions, then convergently analyzed both quantitative and qualitative results.

resultsThe average evaluation scores from the vignette scenarios was 8.53 (± 0.95) out of 10 possible points. All CHWs “Agreed” or “Strongly agreed” with 80% or more of the usability statements presented, surpassing our pre-specified threshold for success. Similarly, focus group discussion results found that the mHealth-CHW tool was a usable and acceptable tool to facilitate post-cesarean care.

conclusionsGiven that the mHealth-CHW tool was quantitatively and qualitatively determined to be highly usable and acceptable, we have advanced to a community validation of the clinical features of this tool. The mHealth tool could be valuable for CHWs to provide post-cesarean follow-up in other settings.

Indexed as

Cesarean SectionCommunity Health WorkersTelemedicineAdultFemaleHumansPregnancyRural Health ServicesRural PopulationRwandaSurveys and QuestionnairesCommunity healthC-sectionMobile-HealthPostpartum careRural healthSub-Saharan africa

Identifiers

PMID41436987
PMCPMC12838494

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.