ArticleBMC public health2025
Comparative predictive values of anthropometric indices for cardiometabolic multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults: a prospective study from the CHARLS study.
Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effects of adiposity, insulin resistance, and inflammation on cardiometabolic multimorbidity: insights from interaction analyses and metabolic phenotyping in the China health and retirement longitudinal study 2011-2018.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Association of C-reactive protein-triglycerides-glucose index-waist to height ratio and cardiometabolic multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults: a nationwide cohort study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Gender-Specific Predictive Utility of Twelve Anthropometric Indices for Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Lahu Adults with Dyslipidemia.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Article
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Abstract
objectivesThis study aimed to compare the predictive performance of seven anthropometric indices-body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body roundness index (BRI), weight-adjusted waist index (WWI), a body shape index (ABSI), conicity index (CI) and waist circumference (WC)-for cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) in middle-aged and older Chinese adults.
methodsThis study conducted a prospective study using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2011-2018. Propensity score matching (PSM) was utilized to control for biases induced by age and gender, with these two factors as the core matching variables and sample matching conducted at a 1:1 ratio. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine associations between anthropometric indices and CMM. Restricted cubic splines explored dose-response relationships between anthropometric indices and CMM. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves evaluated discriminative performance of anthropometric indices in predicting CMM and specific types of CMM.
resultsBefore PSM, a total of 7,469 participants were included, 554 participants (7.42%) developed CMM. In Model II, BMI, WHtR, BRI, CI and WC maintained significant associations across higher quartiles. Compared with the BMI Q1 group, the risk of CMM in Q2 group increased by 1.55 times (OR = 2.55, 95%CI = 1.65, 3.93, P < 0.001); the risk in Q3 group increased by 2.04 times (OR = 3.04, 95%CI = 1.93, 4.81, P < 0.001); and the risk in Q4 group increased by 4.89 times (OR = 5.89, 95%CI = 3.62, 9.57, P < 0.001). Compared with the WHR Q1 group, the risk of CMM in Q2 group increased by 1.26 times (OR = 2.26, 95%CI = 1.49, 3.42, P < 0.001); the risk in Q3 group increased by 1.54 times (OR = 2.54, 95%CI = 1.65, 3.91, P < 0.001); and the risk in Q4 group increased by 3.54 times (OR = 4.54, 95%CI = 2.87, 7.16, P < 0.001). Similar results were found in BRI. Compared with the CI Q1 group, the risk in Q3 group increased by 0.59 times (OR = 1.59, 95%CI = 1.04, 2.44, P = 0.032); and the risk in Q4 group increased by 0.73 times (OR = 1.73, 95%CI = 1.11, 2.70, P = 0.015). Compared with the WC Q1 group, the risk of CMM in Q2 group increased by 0.82 times (OR = 1.82, 95%CI = 1.19, 2.80, P = 0.006); the risk in Q3 group increased by 1.36 times (OR = 2.36, 95%CI = 1.51, 3.68, P < 0.001); and the risk in Q4 group increased by 4.63 times (OR = 5.63, 95%CI = 3.46, 9.15, P < 0.001). WHtR, BRI, WWI, CI and WC all showed a U-shaped association with CMM risk. BMI demonstrated a linear relationship with CMM risk. BMI achieved the highest performance with identical AUC values of 0.720 (0.690-0.749), followed by WC with an AUC of 0.712 (0.682-0.742). BMI and WC exhibited superior predictive performance whether in predicting those specific types of CMM.
conclusionBMI and WC were superior to novel anthropometric indices for CMM risk prediction in middle-aged and older Chinese adults. The finding supports their value in identifying high-risk CMM individuals and reinforces their role as practical tools.
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