Evidence mapPaperPMID 41437199Full record

ArticleClinical and experimental reproductive medicine2026

Comparative study of two ovulation induction therapies and laparoscopic ovarian drilling on clinical outcomes in women with clomiphene citrate-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome.

Safaa Ibrahim Mahmoud, Zeinab Ali Mohamed Ahmedy, Ahmed Nagy Shaker, Mamdouh Sheeba, Mai Nabil Ageez

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In one paragraph

Article in Clinical and experimental reproductive medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06486870 (Comparative Study Between Two Ovulation Induction Therapies and Laparoscopic Ovarian Drilling on Clinical Outcomes in Clomiphene Citrate-Resistant PCOS Women), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06486870 phase3completednot on this map

Comparative Study Between Two Ovulation Induction Therapies and Laparoscopic Ovarian Drilling on Clinical Outcomes in Clomiphene Citrate-Resistant PCOS Women

TypeinterventionalSponsorCairo UniversityRan2020 to 2024Enrolled183ConditionsPCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) of Bilateral OvariesArmsGonadotropin, Letrozole, laparoscopic ovarian drilling
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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Safaa Ibrahim MahmoudObstetrics and Gynecology Department, Kasr EL-Ainy Hospital, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Zeinab Ali Mohamed AhmedyObstetrics and Gynecology Department, Kasr EL-Ainy Hospital, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Ahmed Nagy ShakerObstetrics and Gynecology Department, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
Mamdouh SheebaObstetrics and Gynecology Department, Kasr EL-Ainy Hospital, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Mai Nabil AgeezObstetrics and Gynecology Department, faculty of medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveClomiphene citrate (CC) is the first-line treatment for ovulation induction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), yet a substantial proportion exhibit CC resistance. This study compares clinical outcomes following treatment with gonadotropins, letrozole, or unilateral laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) in women with CC-resistant PCOS.

methodsIn this prospective, randomized clinical trial conducted at the infertility clinic of the Maternity Hospital from May 2021 to May 2024 (Clinical Trial No. NCT06486870), 183 middle-aged, anovulatory infertile women with CC-resistant PCOS, diagnosed using the Rotterdam criteria, were included. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: letrozole (n=61), gonadotropins (n=61), or unilateral LOD (n=61). The primary outcome was the cumulative pregnancy rate over 6 months. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 24.

resultsBaseline demographics were comparable across groups. The gonadotropin-treated cohort achieved the highest cumulative pregnancy rate (41%), followed by letrozole (32.8%) and LOD (18%). Gonadotropin therapy also yielded the highest ovulation rate and the lowest incidence of oligo/amenorrhea. In contrast, LOD produced greater reductions in luteinizing hormone, anti-Müllerian hormone, and antral follicle count, and more patients attained menstrual regularity. Although LOD was associated with a lower pregnancy rate, it conferred a reduced risk of multiple gestations and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS).

conclusionGonadotropins and letrozole are more effective than unilateral LOD for inducing ovulation and achieving pregnancy in women with CC-resistant PCOS. Nevertheless, LOD remains a viable alternative, offering the advantage of lower rates of multiple pregnancy and OHSS.

Indexed as

ClomipheneGonadotropinsLaparoscopic ovarian drillingLetrozoleOvulation ratePolycystic ovary syndromePregnancy rate

Identifiers

PMID41437199
PMCPMC12954054

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.