ArticleFrontiers in pediatrics2025
The effectiveness of artificial intelligence models in addressing the concerns of families of children with cerebral palsy: a comparative analysis of ChatGPT, Gemini, and DeepSeek.
Article in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- How do large language models answer ADHD-related questions? A comparative study of ChatGPT, Gemini, and DeepSeek.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Evaluating the accuracy and communication quality of large language models in Ewing sarcoma: a comparative analysis of ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, DeepSeek, and Grok.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Freely accessible large language models for parent education in pediatric immune thrombocytopenia: an expert-rated cross-sectional study of safety, readability, and guideline concordance.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a non-progressive but permanent motor disorder that significantly affects children and their families. With the rise of artificial intelligence (AI)-based information systems, families increasingly use these tools to address their concerns. Objective: This study compared the clinical relevance of responses from ChatGPT, Gemini, and DeepSeek to frequently asked CP-related questions by families. Methods: Ten key questions, compiled from reputable medical websites, were posed separately to each AI model. Responses were rated by two independent experts using a 4-point Likert scale, with a third reviewer resolving discrepancies. Results: Gemini achieved the highest mean score (3.2), followed by ChatGPT (2.9) and DeepSeek (2.9). All models provided strong general CP information but underperformed in complex areas such as surgical indications. Gemini gave more structured and comprehensive responses, while ChatGPT and DeepSeek occasionally lacked detail or clarity. Conclusion: While AI language models can offer useful CP-related information, their reliability in complex clinical decision-making remains limited. Expert oversight is essential, and future systems should integrate multimodal capabilities for improved family guidance and engagement.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.