Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41443348›Full record

ArticleJournal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society2026

Nanochirality-programmed type-I photosensitizer enables deep-tumor photodynamic therapy by reducing extracellular-matrix adhesion.

Yichen Liu, Gaeun Kim, Runyao Zhu, Hyunsu Jeon, Yichun Wang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Yichen LiuDepartment of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA.
Gaeun KimDepartment of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA.
Runyao ZhuDepartment of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA.
Hyunsu JeonDepartment of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA.
Yichun WangDepartment of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA. Electronic address: ywang65@nd.edu.

Funding

A Convergent Bioengineered Platform for Multifunctional Therapeutic ExosomesR35GM150608 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME · PI Yichun Wang · 2023 to 2026
$1.5M
A Scalable Continuous Production Platform for Large-Scale Manufacturing of Therapeutic ExosomesR21CA277663 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME · PI WANG, YICHUN · 2023 to 2023
$402k
NCI NIH HHS R21 CA277663NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM150608NSF CBET-2337387
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tumor hypoxia and poor penetration of therapeutics across tumor-microenvironment barriers remain major obstacles to effective cancer therapy, including photodynamic therapy (PDT). Here we introduce a nanochirality-programmed assembly (L-Chi-GAIN) in which nanochirality drives site-selective assembly that activates Type-I reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation with significantly reduced oxygen dependence and diminishes hyaluronan-mediated matrix adhesion, thereby enabling deep intratumoral therapy. Glycosylation imparts structural chirality to graphene quantum dots (GQDs), directing site-selective assembly of indocyanine green (ICG) that turns on photoinduced electron transfer (PET), producing a 64-fold increase in ROS relative to free ICG. Nanochirality also modulates assembly-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. L-GQDs show a less favorable hyaluronan binding free energy (ΔG

Indexed as

Extracellular MatrixIndocyanine GreenNeoplasmsPhotochemotherapyPhotosensitizing AgentsAnimalsCell Line, TumorFemaleGraphiteHumansHyaluronic AcidMiceQuantum DotsReactive Oxygen SpeciesTumor MicroenvironmentGraphiteHyaluronic AcidIndocyanine GreenPhotosensitizing AgentsReactive Oxygen SpeciesChiralityExtracellular matrixGraphene quantum dotSolid tumorType-I reactive oxygen species

Identifiers

PMID41443348
PMCPMC12989812

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.