Evidence mapPaperPMID 41444101Full record

ReviewTrends in molecular medicine2026

GLP-1 agonists in neurodegeneration: a multimodal biomarker-guided approach.

Jose A Santiago, Jean C Gutierrez-Silva, Wei-Chuan Hsu, Kameron Sanchez, Cesar Almanza, William Ramos, Ihtsham Ul Haq, Tatjana Rundek

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Trends in molecular medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jose A SantiagoNeuroHub Analytics, LLC, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Neurology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA. Electronic address: jose.santiago@neurohubanalytics.com.
Jean C Gutierrez-SilvaNeuroHub Analytics, LLC, Chicago, IL, USA.
Wei-Chuan HsuNeuroHub Analytics, LLC, Chicago, IL, USA.
Kameron SanchezNeuroHub Analytics, LLC, Chicago, IL, USA.
Cesar AlmanzaNeuroHub Analytics, LLC, Chicago, IL, USA.
William RamosNeuroHub Analytics, LLC, Chicago, IL, USA.
Ihtsham Ul HaqDepartment of Neurology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
Tatjana RundekDepartment of Neurology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.

Funding

Promoting Academic Workforce Diversity in Translational Behavioral & Cardio-Metabolic Research (PINNACLE)T32HL166609 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · 2023 to 2025
$844k
Cross-disciplinary research opportunity for training in AD/ADRD science (CROSSROADS)T32AG081170 · UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · 2025 to 2025
$559k
NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL166609NIA NIH HHS T32 AG081170
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RAs), widely used for type 2 diabetes mellitus, are emerging as promising neuroprotective therapies in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Agents such as exenatide, lixisenatide, and liraglutide have demonstrated disease-modifying potential in preclinical and clinical studies. However, translation remains hindered by the absence of validated biomarkers to guide patient selection, track target engagement, and monitor progression. Here, we review the mechanistic links between GLP1-RA signaling and neurodegeneration, summarize the evolving clinical evidence, and highlight emerging blood-based and molecular biomarkers, including those tied to insulin signaling, neurodegeneration, and metabolic and cardiovascular dysfunction, that may accelerate therapeutic development. Integrating these biomarkers with digital phenotyping and artificial intelligence could enable precision approaches to advance GLP1-RA research and clinical use in neurodegeneration.

Indexed as

BiomarkersGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsNeurodegenerative DiseasesNeuroprotective AgentsAlzheimer DiseaseAnimalsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 ReceptorHumansHypoglycemic AgentsParkinson DiseaseBiomarkersGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 ReceptorGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHypoglycemic AgentsNeuroprotective AgentsAlzheimer’s diseaseartificial intelligencebiomarkersdiabetesglucagon-like peptide-1 agonistParkinson’s disease

Identifiers

PMID41444101
PMCPMC13005735

What Socratic holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.