SynthesisBMJ open2025
Effects of multimodal mobile health interventions on cardiovascular risk factor management in patients with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Digital Educational Strategies to Implement Evidence-Based Care for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesDiabetes mellitus significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). While mobile health (mHealth) interventions show promise, there is limited evidence on the efficacy of multimodal approaches for managing comprehensive CVD risk factors. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of multimodal mHealth interventions in managing CVD risk factors in patients with diabetes.
designSystematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs), reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library and CINAHL were searched for RCTs published from January 2010 to December 2024. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: RCTs involving adults (≥18 years) with diabetes who received multimodal mHealth interventions (incorporating at least three components such as mobile apps, remote monitoring and SMS reminders) for ≥3 months, compared with standard care, were included. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Two independent reviewers screened records, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using the original Cochrane risk of bias (RoB) tool. Perform effect size pooling using R V.4.4.3 and report the corresponding results, taking into account the observed heterogeneity.
resultsOut of 2730 screened records, 17 RCTs (n=2946 participants) met the inclusion criteria. Multimodal mHealth interventions significantly reduced haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (weighted mean difference (WMD) = -0.38%, 95% CI -0.52 to -0.24; p<0.0001), fasting glucose (WMD=-14.10 mg/dL, 95% CI -20.89 to -7.30; p<0.0001), systolic blood pressure (WMD=-1.30 mm Hg, 95% CI -2.12 to -0.47; p=0.0021), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD=-6.07 mg/dL, 95% CI -9.45 to -2.68; p=0.0004), total cholesterol (WMD=-5.40 mg/dL, 95% CI -9.85 to -0.93; p=0.0177) and triglycerides (WMD=-6.50 mg/dL, 95% CI -12.65 to -0.35; p=0.0383). The interventions also increased physical activity participation (OR=3.41, 95% CI 1.16 to 10.05; p=0.0259). No significant effects were observed on body mass index, diastolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking cessation or adverse event rates.
conclusionsMultimodal mHealth interventions are effective in improving several key cardiometabolic parameters, including glycaemic control, blood pressure, lipid profiles and physical activity levels in patients with diabetes. These interventions represent a promising strategy for comprehensive CVD risk factor management in this population. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD420251050970. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251050970.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.