Evidence mapPaperPMID 41449005Full record

ReviewNeurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics2026

The roles of biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease clinical trials.

Jeffrey Cummings, Shailja Sharma, G DeAndrea, Amanda Leisgang Osse, Andrew Ortiz

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jeffrey CummingsChambers-Grundy Center for Transformative Neuroscience, Department of Brain Health, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, NV, USA; Department of Brain Health, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, NV, USA. Electronic address: jcummings@cnsinnovations.com.
Shailja SharmaKirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, NV, USA.
G DeAndreaKirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, NV, USA.
Amanda Leisgang OsseChambers-Grundy Center for Transformative Neuroscience, Department of Brain Health, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, NV, USA; Department of Brain Health, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, NV, USA.
Andrew OrtizChambers-Grundy Center for Transformative Neuroscience, Department of Brain Health, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, NV, USA; Department of Brain Health, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, NV, USA.

Funding

Renewal of Centers of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) (Phase 2) CNTN - ResubmissionP20GM109025 · CLEVELAND CLINIC FOUNDATION · 2025 to 2025
$1.0M
Alzheimer's Clinical Trial InnOvatioN (ACTION) InitiativeR35AG071476 · UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA LAS VEGAS · 2025 to 2025
$560k
NIA NIH HHS R35 AG071476NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM109025
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Biomarkers are essential to guide decision making in Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical trials where they have a variety of contexts of use (COUs) including diagnosis, risk, pharmacodynamic response, prognosis, prediction, monitoring, and safety. The COU of biomarkers may differ by phase of drug development with Phase 1, 2, and 3 emphasizing different types of information for decision making. A variety of biomarkers are currently serving as pharmacodynamic outcomes in clinical trials including amyloid and tau PET and fluid measures of amyloid, tau, neurodegeneration, inflammation, and synaptic plasticity. Biomarker strategies are integrated throughout drug development programs from collection and assay performance to statistical analysis and data interpretation. Data interrogation approaches using artificial intelligence and machine learning may enhance the value of biomarker observations through integration of multimodal data. Emerging biomarkers that may play a role in future AD trials include proteomics, exosome assays of co-pathology occurring in AD, EEG, ocular measures, and digital biomarkers. Biomarkers inform drug development decision-making including termination of candidate agents without sufficient biomarker effects, resourcing of promising therapies impacting the fundamental features of AD, and accelerating the development of new therapies for those with or at risk for AD.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseBiomarkersClinical Trials as TopicHumansBiomarkersAlzheimer's diseaseAmyloid imagingBiomarkerClinical trialsContext of usep-Tau 217

Identifiers

PMID41449005
PMCPMC12976531

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.