Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41450504›Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in public health2025

Factors associated with oral frailty in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Yanru Chen, Ling Zhang, Wen Yan, Fan Liu

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Yanru ChenDepartment of Cardiology and Endodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Ling ZhangDepartment of Cardiology and Endodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Wen YanDepartment of Prosthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Fan LiuDepartment of Nursing, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Oral frailty (OF) is defined as a series of age-related declines in oral function that cause malnutrition and many other negative health outcomes. This study aimed to comprehensively examine the factors associated with OF in older adults in order to provide further direction for the early identification and tailored interventions of in this population. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM), CQVIP, and Wanfang databases were comprehensively searched for observational studies from inception to April 2025. All analyses were performed using RevMan5 (version 5.4) and Stata 16.0 software. Results: A total of 39 studies were selected from 10,863 references, involving 41,854 older adults, and were included in this systematic review. A meta-analysis was performed on the 27 influencing factors. Age (WMD = 4.21, 95% CI: 3.09-5.33), female sex (OR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.41-2.20), years of education (WMD = 0.68, 95% CI: -0.04-1.41), low income (OR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.20-2.68), BMI (WMD = 1.50, 95% CI: 0.41-5.59), sarcopenia (OR = 2.92, 95% CI: 2.54-3.36), stroke (OR = 2.68, 95% CI: 1.28-5.61), osteoporosis (OR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.05-2.13), cognitive impairment (OR = 4.25, 95% CI: 1.72-10.51), ≥2 chronic conditions (OR = 6.07, 95% CI: 2.32-15.90), taking ≥ 5 medications (OR = 2.48, 95% CI: 1.59-3.88), poor sleep quality (OR = 3.79, 95% CI: 1.47-9.80), physical frailty (OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.63-3.00), low physical activity level (OR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.41-2.22), ADL impairment (OR = 4.46, 95% CI: 1.81-11.01), depression (OR = 3.76, 95% CI: 2.69-5.24), social isolation (OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.43-2.65), malnutrition (OR = 2.58, 95% CI: 1.55-4.28), low dietary variety (OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.37-2.08) and poor appetite (OR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.62-2.74) were found a significant associations with oral frailty in older adults. Conclusion: We identified 20 factors associated with oral frailty in older adults, categorized into five primary domains: sociodemographic factors, comorbidity factors, physical function factors, social and psychological factors, and dietary factors. Public health policymakers and healthcare practitioners should undertake a comprehensive evaluation of these associated factors and develop targeted intervention strategies designed to reduce oral frailty, thereby enhancing the overall health of the older population. Systematic review registration: Identifier [CRD42024588941].

Indexed as

FrailtyOral HealthAgedAged, 80 and overChinaFemaleHumansMaleRisk Factorsinfluencing factorsmeta-analysisolder adultsoral frailtysystematic review

Identifiers

PMID41450504
PMCPMC12727602

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.