Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41452476›Full record

ArticleNeurosurgical review2025

Exploring the association and mediation between educational attainment and intracerebral hemorrhage: an integrated Mendelian randomization and global burden of disease analysis.

Qi Li, Yingjie Shen, Yaolou Wang, Yanxi Li, Haopeng Zhang, Xiangyi Meng, Yiwei Rong, Zhaoxin Fan, Huan Wang, Xina Li and 1 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Neurosurgical review, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Qi Li *Department of Neurosurgery, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Post Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P.R. China.
Yingjie Shen *Department of Neurosurgery, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Post Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P.R. China.
Yaolou WangDepartment of Neurosurgery, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Post Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P.R. China.
Yanxi LiHarbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, P.R. China.
Haopeng ZhangDepartment of Neurosurgery, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Post Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P.R. China.
Xiangyi MengDepartment of Neurosurgery, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Post Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P.R. China.
Yiwei RongDepartment of Neurosurgery, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Post Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P.R. China.
Zhaoxin FanDepartment of Neurosurgery, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Post Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P.R. China.
Huan WangDepartment of Neurosurgery, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Post Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P.R. China.
Xina LiDepartment of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Post Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P.R. China. lixina17@163.com.
Hongsheng LiangDepartment of Neurosurgery, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Post Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P.R. China. lianghongsheng@hrbmu.edu.cn.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundations of China No.82071368Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China PL2024H060the Outstanding Youth Funding of Harbin Medical University No. HYD2020JQ0016
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) significantly threatens human health, and educational attainment (EA) may influence the burden of ICH. We aim to explore the relationship between EA levels and ICH by Mendelian randomization (MR) and Global Burden of Disease (GBD). We conducted bidirectional univariate MR (UVMR) analyses to evaluate the causal relationship between EA levels and ICH, and multivariate MR (MVMR) analyses to control for confounders. A two-step MR analyses were employed to assess the mediating effects of brain image-derived phenotypes (IDPs) and gut microbiota. Subsequently, MVMR and MR Bayesian model averaging (MR-BMA) were utilized to identify the optimal mediators. Multiple sensitivity analyses enhanced the robustness of the results. Finally, the GBD database was used to analyze the temporal trend and health inequality of ICH. UVMR and MVMR indicated that higher levels of EA significantly decreased the risk of ICH (OR=0.281, 95%CI: 0.156-0.507, P=2.42E-05), including nonlobar ICH (OR=0.312, 95%CI: 0.155-0.628, P=1.11E-03) and lobar ICH (OR=0.220, 95%CI: 0.101-0.478, P=1.33E-04). Mediation analysis found eight types of IDPs and one gut microbiota served as mediators between EA levels and ICH (nonlobar ICH and lobar ICH). Specifically, for EA levels and ICH, five types of IDPs and one type of gut microbiota acted as mediators, including IDP diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) fractional anisotropy (FA) Superior cerebellar peduncle L (mediation percentage=3.67%), IDP dMRI TBSS orientation dispersion index (OD) Pontine crossing tract (mediation percentage=2.92%), aparc-Desikan lh volume middletemporal (mediation percentage=9.19%), aparc-Desikan lh volume insula (mediation percentage=4.92%), aparc-Desikan lh area bankssts (mediation percentage=5.70%), and Dialister_invisus (mediation percentage=10.22%). When considering the sites of ICH, aparc-Desikan lh area bankssts (mediation percentage=6.79%) and Dialister_invisus (mediation percentage=12.74%) mediated the causal relationship between EA levels and nonlobar ICH, while IDP dMRI TBSS OD Pontine crossing tract (mediation percentage=3.68%) and aparc-Desikan lh volume middletemporal (mediation percentage=8.05%) acted as mediators in the protective effect of EA levels against lobar ICH. Another three types of IDPs mediated the causal relationship between EA levels and nonlobar ICH, including IDP dMRI TBSS isotropic or free water volume fraction (ISOVF) Inferior cerebellar peduncle R (mediation percentage=7.61%), aparc-Desikan lh area TotalSurface (mediation percentage=5.06%), and aparc-Desikan rh area inferiorparietal (mediation percentage=7.84%). After mediation analysis, MVMR and MR-BMA, aparc-Desikan lh volume middletemporal was the optimal mediator for EA levels and ICH, specifically for lobar ICH. GBD statistical analyses showed a declining trend of ICH and provided evidence of health inequality. This study identified higher EA levels as protective against ICH and explored the potential mediating effects of IDPs and gut microbiota, indicating that more efforts are needed to improve EA levels to decrease the burden of ICH.

Indexed as

Cerebral HemorrhageEducational StatusGlobal Burden of DiseaseBayes TheoremBrainCausalityDiffusion Magnetic Resonance ImagingFemaleGastrointestinal MicrobiomeGenome-Wide Association StudyHealth InequitiesHumansMaleMediation AnalysisMendelian Randomization AnalysisMultivariate AnalysisEducation attainmentGlobal burden of diseaseIntracerebral hemorrhageMediation analysisMendelian randomization

Identifiers

PMID41452476

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.