ArticleOphthalmology. Retina2026
Rate of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Patients Prescribed Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists or Other Weight Loss Therapies.
Article in Ophthalmology. Retina, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Obesity and Eye Diseases.Nutrients · 2026Review
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Older Adults With Obesity: A Target Trial Emulation.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo compare the hazard of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) among nondiabetic, weight loss-eligible adults prescribed glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs; semaglutide or liraglutide) versus other weight loss (OWL) pharmacotherapies (phentermine, orlistat, setmelanotide, phentermine-topiramate, or bupropion-naltrexone).
designRetrospective cohort study.
participantsAdults aged ≥50 years without diabetes who met the criteria for weight loss pharmacotherapy and were prescribed GLP-1 RAs or OWL medications were included. Before matching, 60 336 patients were included in the GLP-1 RA group and 21 609 in the OWL cohort; after matching, 20 959 patients remained in each cohort.
methodsCohorts were constructed using de-identified data from the TriNetX Research Network (June 2021-October 2025). Nondiabetic status was defined as the absence of a diabetes mellitus diagnosis, hemoglobin A1c ≥6.5%, or metformin or insulin use. Patients met criteria for weight loss pharmacotherapy with documentation of an obesity diagnosis, body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m
main outcome measuresHazard ratios (HRs) of nonexudative AMD, exudative AMD, and any AMD (exudative, nonexudative, or unspecified). Changes in BMI and hemoglobin A1c were analyzed to contextualize findings.
resultsCompared with OWL pharmacotherapies, GLP-1 RAs were associated with a lower hazard of nonexudative AMD (HR, 0.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.28-0.78) and any AMD (HR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.43-0.85), with no difference for exudative AMD (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.30-1.32). Body mass index and hemoglobin A1c were similar over follow-up.
conclusionsAmong nondiabetic adults aged ≥50 years eligible for weight loss pharmacotherapy, prescriptions for GLP-1 RAs were associated with a lower incidence of nonexudative and any (nonexudative, exudative, or unspecified) AMD diagnoses compared with OWL medications. The difference in new exudative AMD diagnoses was not statistically significant. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.