Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41454084›Full record

ReviewFrontiers of medicine2025

Immune cells in diabetic wound repair: the key to better wound management.

Yi Ru, Yunxi Cai, Guangyuan Cheng, Xiaoxuan Ma, Jingsi Jiang, Jiankun Song, Ying Luo, Ying Zhang, Qi Zheng, Mingxia Wang and 5 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers of medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Yi Ru *Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China.
Yunxi Cai *Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China.
Guangyuan Cheng *Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China.
Xiaoxuan MaDepartment of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China.
Jingsi JiangShanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China.
Jiankun SongShanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China.
Ying LuoDepartment of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China.
Ying ZhangShanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China.
Qi ZhengShanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China.
Mingxia WangShanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China.
Chunjie GaoShanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China.
Bin LiShanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China.
Le KuaiDepartment of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China.
Yue LuoShanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China. 714512847@qq.com.
Zhan ZhangDepartment of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China. 986034931@qq.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chronic diabetic ulcers (DUs) pose a significant clinical challenge with high amputation and mortality rates, impacting over 131 million people worldwide and incurring approximately $755 billion in annual healthcare costs. Immune cells play indispensable roles in orchestrating wound healing; however, existing reviews often overlook the temporal heterogeneity of immune cell subsets in DUs. To bridge this gap, this review comprehensively examines the roles and characteristics of immune cells in DUs healing, involving monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, mast cells, B cells, T cells, and natural killer cells, with a focus on their distribution and dysregulation throughout different stages of wound healing. Furthermore, we highlight advances in immune cell-targeted modulation and the emerging therapeutic promise of topical anti-cytokine biologics in diabetic wound care. We uniquely emphasize the dynamic transitions of monocyte subsets and offer a systematic evaluation of the controversial roles of macrophage M1/M2 polarization. This review underscores emerging therapeutic strategies that leverage immune cell modulation, offering insights into more effective DU management.

Indexed as

diabetic ulcersmacrophagesneutrophilstargeted therapieswound healing

Identifiers

PMID41454084

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.