Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41454099›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of hematology2026

Anatomical patterns at first confirmed relapse or refractory disease predict outcomes in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Hidenori Hayashi, Yohei Sasaki, Ayano Shirai, Hirotaro Sakaki, Kazuki Nagao, Natsuki Kawamata, Kai Kuroiwa, Hinako Narita, Reiko Okamura, Shotaro Shimada and 5 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of hematology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Hidenori Hayashi *Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Showa Medical University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Yohei Sasaki *Department of Internal Medicine, Showa Medical University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan.
Ayano ShiraiDivision of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Showa Medical University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Hirotaro SakakiDivision of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Showa Medical University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Kazuki NagaoDivision of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Showa Medical University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Natsuki KawamataDivision of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Showa Medical University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Kai KuroiwaDivision of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Showa Medical University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Hinako NaritaDivision of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Showa Medical University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Reiko OkamuraDivision of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Showa Medical University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Shotaro ShimadaDivision of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Showa Medical University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Megumi WatanukiDivision of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Showa Medical University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Nana AraiDivision of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Showa Medical University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Kouji YanagisawaDivision of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Showa Medical University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Manabu MatsunawaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Showa Medical University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan.
Norimichi HattoriDivision of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Showa Medical University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan. nhattor@med.showa-u.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9404-7074

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRelapsed or refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) exhibits substantial clinical heterogeneity, with different outcomes based on disease burden and anatomical distribution. However, the prognostic implications of multi-site involvement at first R/R remain unclear.

methodsWe retrospectively analyzed data from 81 patients with DLBCL who experienced first R/R after initial treatment at our institution. We assessed clinical variables at first R/R-including involved sites and disease dissemination patterns, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS)-for associations with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

resultsMulti-site involvement (≥ 2 sites) at first R/R was significantly associated with shorter PFS and OS, independent of nodal or extranodal status. In multivariable analysis, multi-site involvement at first R/R remained a strong prognostic factor for both PFS and OS, along with IPI at first R/R for PFS, and ECOG PS > 1, elevated LDH, and age > 80 years for OS. None of these relapse-specific prognostic factors were significant at initial diagnosis.

conclusionMulti-site disease at first R/R represents an adverse prognostic feature in DLBCL. These findings underscore the importance of considering disease distribution when evaluating prognosis and planning treatment strategies for R/R cases.

Indexed as

Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, DiffuseAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsFemaleHumansL-Lactate DehydrogenaseMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisRecurrenceRetrospective StudiesL-Lactate DehydrogenaseDiffuse large B-cell lymphomaExtranodalFirst relapsed/refractoryMulti-site involvementReal-world

Identifiers

PMID41454099

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.