Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41454733›Full record

ReviewAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2026

Empowering Flexible Electronics with Piezoelectric Nanogenerators: Breakthroughs from Energy Harvesting to Intelligent Sensing.

Wu-Lin Xin, He-Qing Cai, Xi Cui, Lu Han, Kou Zhang, Xin-Yu Xue, Yi-Fei Song, Juan Liu, Zhou Li

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Wu-Lin XinBeijing Engineering Research Center of Printed Electronics, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing, 102600, China.
He-Qing CaiBeijing Engineering Research Center of Printed Electronics, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing, 102600, China.
Xi CuiHepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218, China.
Lu HanBeijing Engineering Research Center of Printed Electronics, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing, 102600, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6013-6116
Kou ZhangBeijing Engineering Research Center of Printed Electronics, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing, 102600, China.
Xin-Yu XueBeijing Engineering Research Center of Printed Electronics, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing, 102600, China.
Yi-Fei SongBeijing Engineering Research Center of Printed Electronics, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing, 102600, China.
Juan LiuHepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1399-6719
Zhou LiVita Tech Innovation Center, Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9952-7296

Funding

Beijing Natural Science Foundation L245015National Natural Science Foundation of China 32371477National Natural Science Foundation of China 82572451National Natural Science Foundation of China U25A20417Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Hainan University DME20251004
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Flexible sensing devices and energy storage systems with self-powered capabilities are propelling the rapid advancement of flexible electronics and wearable technologies. Piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) present a compelling alternative to the constraints of conventional battery-powered systems, which suffer from limited capacity and short lifespans. By exploiting the piezoelectric effect, PENGs convert mechanical energy into electrical energy without the need for an external power source, producing electricity in response to mechanical stimuli, including vibration, pressure, and force. When integrated into flexible electronics and sensors, PENGs facilitate applications such as health monitoring, bionic electronic skin, and tactile sensing. Furthermore, PENGs can be combined with energy storage systems such as self-recharging supercapacitors and batteries, enhancing energy harvesting and conversion, while promoting sustainable energy utilization and ensuring a reliable power supply. This paper reviews recent advancements in PENGs, highlighting their theoretical foundation, structural design, and potential applications in sensors and energy storage systems, and discusses potential future directions for their continued advancement.

Indexed as

energy harvestingflexible sensorpiezoelectric nanogeneratorself‐charging supercapacitor

Identifiers

PMID41454733
PMCPMC12866779

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.