Evidence mapPaperPMID 41455796Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Coupling between neural oscillations and white matter integrity reveals cognitive computational profiles following COVID-19.

Alejandra Figueroa-Vargas, Leonie Kausel, Ximena Stecher, Francisco Zamorano, Mauricio Aspé-Sánchez, Patricio Carvajal-Paredes, Matías Iriarte-Carter, Victor Márquez-Rodríguez, María Paz Martínez-Molina, Claudio Román and 13 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors.

Alejandra Figueroa-VargasLaboratorio de Neurociencia Social y Neuromodulación (NeuroCICS), Facultad de Gobierno, Centro de Investigación en Complejidad Social, Universidad del Desarrollo, Las Condes, Chile.
Leonie KauselFacultad de Psicología, Centro de Estudios en Neurociencia Humana y Neuropsicología (CENHN), Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile.
Ximena StecherDepartamento de Imágenes, Unidad de Imágenes Cuantitativas Avanzadas, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Santiago, Chile.
Francisco ZamoranoDepartamento de Imágenes, Unidad de Imágenes Cuantitativas Avanzadas, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Santiago, Chile.
Mauricio Aspé-SánchezLaboratorio de Neurogenética, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
Patricio Carvajal-ParedesDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia, Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Matías Iriarte-CarterLaboratorio de Neurociencia Social y Neuromodulación (NeuroCICS), Facultad de Gobierno, Centro de Investigación en Complejidad Social, Universidad del Desarrollo, Las Condes, Chile.
Victor Márquez-RodríguezLaboratorio de Neurociencia Social y Neuromodulación (NeuroCICS), Facultad de Gobierno, Centro de Investigación en Complejidad Social, Universidad del Desarrollo, Las Condes, Chile.
María Paz Martínez-MolinaLaboratorio de Neurociencia Social y Neuromodulación (NeuroCICS), Facultad de Gobierno, Centro de Investigación en Complejidad Social, Universidad del Desarrollo, Las Condes, Chile.
Claudio RománDepartamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
Patricio Soto-FernándezDepartamento de Evaluación de Tecnologías Sanitarias y Salud Basada en Evidencia, División de Planificación Sanitaria, Subsecretaría de Salud Pública, Ministerio de Salud, Santiago, Chile.
Gabriela Valdebenito-OyarzoLaboratorio de Neurociencia Social y Neuromodulación (NeuroCICS), Facultad de Gobierno, Centro de Investigación en Complejidad Social, Universidad del Desarrollo, Las Condes, Chile.
Lucía Z-RiveraDepartment of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
Carla ManterolaDepartamento de Pediatría, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Santiago, Chile.
Reinaldo Uribe-San-MartínDepartamento de Neurología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Claudio SilvaDepartamento de Imágenes, Unidad de Imágenes Cuantitativas Avanzadas, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Santiago, Chile.
Rodrigo Henríquez-ChDepartamento de Neurología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Francisco AboitizLaboratorio LaNCE, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Rafael PolaniaDecision Neuroscience Lab, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Pamela GuevaraDepartamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
Paula Muñoz-VenturelliCentro de Estudios Clínicos, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile.
Patricia Soto-IcazaLaboratorio de Neurociencia Social y Neuromodulación (NeuroCICS), Facultad de Gobierno, Centro de Investigación en Complejidad Social, Universidad del Desarrollo, Las Condes, Chile. patriciasoto@udd.cl.
Pablo BillekeLaboratorio de Neurociencia Social y Neuromodulación (NeuroCICS), Facultad de Gobierno, Centro de Investigación en Complejidad Social, Universidad del Desarrollo, Las Condes, Chile. pbilleke@udd.cl.

Funding

Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo 11230607Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo 1251073
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Persistent cognitive symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection have been widely reported, yet their underlying neural mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we applied an integrative framework—combining EEG, diffusion MRI, and computational cognitive modeling—to investigate brain–behavior relationships in patients recovered from COVID-19 (n = 70) and other non-COVID respiratory infections (n = 26). Participants completed tasks probing cognitive control, working memory, and decision-making. Across tasks, individuals with prior COVID-19 showed altered low-frequency oscillatory activity and performance deficits, despite mild or moderate acute illness. These oscillatory alterations were linked to reduced white matter integrity in distinct long-range tracts, including the cingulum and thalamo-occipital fasciculi, depending on the cognitive computation involved. Crucially, model-based clustering revealed two distinct neurophysiological profiles among post-COVID participants, reflecting different combinations of structural and functional alterations. These profiles were not explained by clinical severity markers or other symptoms like anosmia, suggesting the emergence of neurocognitive phenotypes beyond binary classifications. Our findings identify a generalizable principle whereby specific brain network disruptions underlie cognitive dysfunction, highlighting biomarkers that may guide personalized intervention strategies. Beyond COVID-19, this multimodal framework offers a scalable approach for uncovering structure–function–computation coupling in other post-infectious or neuroinflammatory conditions, with broad relevance for the prevention and treatment of cognitive impairment.

Indexed as

CognitionCOVID-19White MatterAdultAgedBrainDiffusion Magnetic Resonance ImagingElectroencephalographyFemaleHumansMaleMemory, Short-TermMiddle AgedPost-Acute COVID-19 SyndromeSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID41455796
PMCPMC12827252

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.