Evidence mapPaperPMID 41459076Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in nutrition2025

Intermittent fasting improves metabolic outcomes in metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis with GRADE evaluation.

Qian Song, Alaa Sultan H Almutairi, Manal Fehaid A Almutairi, Parmida Jamilian, Ahmed Abu-Zaid

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Qian SongDepartment of Osteo-Internal Medicine, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
Alaa Sultan H AlmutairiCollege of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.
Manal Fehaid A AlmutairiCollege of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.
Parmida JamilianSchool of Pharmacy and Bio Engineering, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom.
Ahmed Abu-ZaidCollege of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that intermittent fasting (IF) has garnered scientific attention and gained recognition for its beneficial effects on metabolic outcomes. However, the results are inconsistent. Accordingly, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of fasting on glycemic control, lipid profile, and inflammatory markers. Methods: Databases such as PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science were used to retrieve relevant studies published until September 2025. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias 2 (RoB2) tool. Moreover, the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was employed to evaluate the quality of evidence. Results: A total of 10 studies, involving 701 individuals, were included in the current meta-analysis. The combined effect of various types of fasting significantly reduced fasting blood sugar (FBS) [standard mean difference (SMD) = -0.51; 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.81, -0.20; Conclusion: The findings suggest that intermittent fasting may have favorable effects on the metabolic panel, specifically, FBS, insulin, HOMA-IR, (HbA1c), LDL-C, and IL-6 levels.

Indexed as

inflammatoryintermittent fastinglipid profilemeta-analysismetabolic syndrome

Identifiers

PMID41459076
PMCPMC12738305

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.