ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025
T cell heterogeneity in asthma pathogenesis: from immunological mechanisms to biological targeted therapies.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- 4-Hydroxynonenal, a Potential Biomarker for Lung Inflammatory Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Integrative multi-omics reveals that downregulation of HLA-DPA1/DPB1 drives macrophage immune-metabolic dysregulation in pediatric asthma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Schisandrin A alleviates allergic rhinitis by restoring Th1/Th2 and Treg/Th17 immune balance.Open life sciences · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Severe and overlapping asthma endotypes-particularly steroid-insensitive disease-remain undertreated, highlighting the need for a T-cell-centered synthesis. This review frames asthma heterogeneity through the interplay of T-cell axes, with Th2 pathways shaping T2-high disease and Th17/Treg imbalance characterizing T2-low features and much of steroid resistance. Building on this framework, we map therapies to mechanism: IL-4Rα and IL-5/IL-5R blockade chiefly mitigate Th2-dominated circuits, whereas upstream alarmin inhibition (e.g., TSLP) modulates epithelial-immune cues that influence both T2-high biology and selected T2-low processes. We then outline what is needed to translate mechanisms into decisions-integrated biomarkers to refine endotypes and mechanism-guided switching or combinations, with emphasis on T2-low populations where unmet need is greatest. By linking T-cell biology to therapeutic leverage points, the review offers a concise path from mechanism to patient stratification and more rational treatment choices.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.