ArticlePloS one2025
Global, regional, and national burden of pulmonary arterial hypertension from 1990 to 2021 and projection to 2050: A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2021.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Mesenchymal stem cell therapy and gut microbiota modulation in preclinical disease models: a systematic review with implications for hypertension.Molecular biology reports · 2026Pooled it
- Contemporary Economic, Hospitalization, and Mortality Burden Among Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Patients: A Real-World US Claims Data Analysis.Pulmonary circulation · 2026Article
- Article
- Editorial: Epigenetic and genetic mechanisms underlying cardiovascular diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders, volume II.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive and incurable syndrome characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling. Although targeted therapies have advanced, prognosis remains poor, underscoring the need for comprehensive epidemiological evaluations to guide public health strategies and resource allocation.
methodsThis study assessed the global, regional, and national burden of PAH from 1990 to 2021 using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021. Metrics included prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), with stratified assessments by geography, gender, age, and socio-demographic index (SDI).
resultsIn 2021, the global PAH burden comprised 191,808 prevalent cases, 43,251 incident cases, 22,021 deaths, and 642,104 DALYs. Age-standardized rates declined consistently over the 32-year period. Population growth was the prominent contributor of the PAH burden, with higher rates in females and older age groups. Prevalence, mortality, and DALYs decreased with higher SDI, whereas incidence showed an inverse trend. The disparity between high and low SDI countries widened, with the slope index of inequality increasing from -5.21 in 1990 to -1.52 in 2021. Predictions revealed that further declines in age-standardized rates of prevalence, mortality, and DALYs from 2022 to 2025, but a rise in incidence.
conclusionsA decline in the age-standardized rates of PAH was observed, whereas a persisting high absolute disease burden was evident, clustering among women, older populations, and low-SDI regions.
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