ArticleJournal of translational medicine2025
GDM modified the associations of gestational weight gain with pregnancy outcomes: a population-based cohort study.
Article in Journal of translational medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe timing of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) screening may impact the progression of gestational weight gain (GWG). Additionally, it remains unclear whether the associations of GWG with pregnancy outcomes vary based on GDM status. Thus, this study aims to investigate the effect of GDM on the associations between GWG in different periods and pregnancy outcomes.
methodsGWG was categorized into: total, before and after the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The GWG rate for different periods was calculated by dividing the total GWG by the corresponding gestational week intervals, and was further classified as inadequate GWG (IGWG), normal GWG (NGWG), or excessive GWG (EGWG). Logistic regression models were used to analyze the associations of GWG rate and GWG categories with pregnancy outcomes. To assess potential effect modification by GDM status, interaction terms were included in the models, and crossover analyses were conducted.
results2190 women with GDM and 10,817 women without GDM were included. In both groups, increasing GWG rate at each period was associated with higher risks of large for gestational age (LGA), macrosomia, and cesarean delivery, and lower risks of small for gestational age (SGA) and low birth weight (LBW). A U-shaped relationship between GWG rate and preterm birth (PTB) was observed after OGTT, but not before. The associations of total GWG rate and GWG rate after OGTT with LGA risk were stronger in women with GDM (P for interaction < 0.001). Among women without GDM, IGWG at each period significantly increased SGA and LBW risks, which was not observed in women with GDM. In both groups, EGWG during any period was significantly associated with higher risks of LGA, macrosomia, and cesarean delivery, with PTB primarily observed after OGTT. Crossover analysis indicated that women with GDM, whether with NGWG or EGWG during total pregnancy and after OGTT period, had higher LGA risk than women without GDM and with NGWG, with the highest risk in the EGWG group (P for interaction < 0.05).
conclusionAssociations of GWG with pregnancy outcomes, especially after OGTT, differed by GDM status. These findings underscore the need for individualized weight management in GDM.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.