Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41463379›Full record

ArticleBiomolecules2025

Molecular Drivers of Vascular Adaptation in Young Athletes: An Integrative Analysis of Endothelial, Metabolic and Lipoprotein Biomarkers.

Jonas Haferanke, Lisa Baumgartner, Maximilian Dettenhofer, Stefanie Huber, Frauke Mühlbauer, Tobias Engl, Paulina Wasserfurth, Karsten Köhler, Renate Oberhoffer, Thorsten Schulz and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biomolecules, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Jonas HaferankeInstitute of Preventive Pediatrics, Department Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80809 Munich, Germany.
Lisa BaumgartnerInstitute of Preventive Pediatrics, Department Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80809 Munich, Germany.
Maximilian DettenhoferInstitute of Preventive Pediatrics, Department Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80809 Munich, Germany.ORCID 0009-0003-1733-6360
Stefanie HuberInstitute of Preventive Pediatrics, Department Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80809 Munich, Germany.ORCID 0009-0002-0757-7681
Frauke MühlbauerInstitute of Preventive Pediatrics, Department Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80809 Munich, Germany.
Tobias EnglInstitute of Preventive Pediatrics, Department Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80809 Munich, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-6251-9532
Paulina WasserfurthAssociate Professorship of Exercise, Nutrition and Health, Department Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80809 Munich, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-3727-8818
Karsten KöhlerAssociate Professorship of Exercise, Nutrition and Health, Department Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80809 Munich, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-9618-2069
Renate OberhofferInstitute of Preventive Pediatrics, Department Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80809 Munich, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-3166-0488
Thorsten SchulzInstitute of Preventive Pediatrics, Department Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80809 Munich, Germany.
Sebastian FreilingerInstitute of Preventive Pediatrics, Department Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80809 Munich, Germany.ORCID 0009-0000-3755-6481

Funding

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) 516547656
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Adolescence is a critical window for cardiovascular (CV) development, yet the molecular drivers of vascular adaptation to regular exercise in youth remain poorly understood. This cross-sectional study assessed vascular structure and function alongside endothelial, metabolic, and lipoprotein biomarkers in 203 healthy young athletes (aged 10-16). Vascular phenotyping included carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), pulse wave velocity, and carotid deformation indices (strain, strain rate). Circulating nitric oxide (NO), endothelin-1, free triiodothyronine (fT3), leptin, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein were analyzed. Associations were examined using hierarchically adjusted multivariable linear regression, mediation and moderation were tested and sex-stratified/matched analyses were conducted. While training volume was not associated with endothelial markers, leptin was correlated positively with NO and negatively with diastolic strain rate, suggesting dual vascular actions. fT3 was inversely associated with IMT, indicating a potential protective role in vascular remodeling. Lipoprotein profiles showed no independent associations with vascular parameters. Hemodynamic load, particularly systolic blood pressure, emerged as the dominant determinant of arterial stiffness. Sex-specific differences across biomarkers and vascular indices support a multifactorial model: in active youth, vascular phenotype reflects hemodynamics, body composition, and endocrine-metabolic signals more than training; longitudinal mechanistic studies should clarify causal pathways and guide individualized cardiovascular risk profiling.

Indexed as

Adaptation, PhysiologicalAthletesBiomarkersEndothelium, VascularLipoproteinsAdolescentCarotid Intima-Media ThicknessChildCross-Sectional StudiesExerciseFemaleHumansMaleNitric OxidePulse Wave AnalysisVascular StiffnessBiomarkersLipoproteinsNitric Oxideadolescentsarterial stiffnesscardiovascular adaptationendothelin-1exercisefree triiodothyroninehigh-density lipoproteinleptinlow-density lipoproteinnitric oxide

Identifiers

PMID41463379
PMCPMC12730266

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.