Association of Marshall CT Scores with GFAP, UCH-L1, Tau, NfL, and p-Tau231 After Traumatic Brain Injury.

Katie A Edwards, John Alice, Maryn Day, Joseph Yun, Sijung Yun, Heather E Dark, Lillian Gabor, Jessica M Gill

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Katie A EdwardsSchool of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.

John AliceSchool of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-6609-3759

Maryn DaySchool of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.

Joseph YunSchool of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.

Sijung YunSchool of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1948-3690

Heather E DarkSchool of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.

Lillian GaborSchool of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.

Jessica M GillSchool of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.

Funding

National Institutes of Neurological Disorders 145635

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study identifies a significant association among blood-based biomarkers of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the Marshall CT classification of TBI (MCTC) scores, but not with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores. We aimed to determine whether GCS and MCTC scores relate to glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), ubiquitin carboxy hydrolase-1 (UCH-L1), tau, neurofilament light chain (NfL), and phosphorylated tau (p-tau231) concentrations following acute TBIs. Participants included patients from 20 trauma centers across 12 regional sites in the United States and Canada with an initial CT scan within 6 h after TBI and GCS scores of 3 to 12. Blood samples collected upon hospital arrival were analyzed for biomarker concentrations (pg/mL). Concentrations from 271 patients with GCS ≥ 9 were compared to 145 with GCS ≤ 9. Samples from 347 patients with MCTC < 3 were compared to 70 with MCTC ≥ 3. No significant differences in GCS groups were found (

Indexed as

Brain Injuries, TraumaticGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinNeurofilament Proteinstau ProteinsUbiquitin ThiolesteraseAdultAgedBiomarkersFemaleGlasgow Coma ScaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedTomography, X-Ray ComputedBiomarkersGFAP protein, humanGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinMAPT protein, humanneurofilament protein LNeurofilament Proteinstau ProteinsUbiquitin ThiolesteraseUCHL1 protein, humanbiomarkersGlasgow Coma Scaleglial fibrillary acid proteinMarshall CT classificationneurofilament light chainphosphorylated tautraumatic brain injury

Identifiers

PMID41465199

DOI10.3390/ijms262411765

PMCPMC12732591

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.