Evidence mapPaperPMID 41465952Full record

ArticleMedicine2025

Mendelian randomization analysis of lipid-lowering drug targets and neuropsychiatric disorders.

Shaoyi Peng, Miao Liu, Fengli Du, Kaiyuan Li

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Article in Medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Shaoyi PengDepartment of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Jiande, Hangzhou, China.
Miao LiuDepartment of Cardiology, Center Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Fengli DuDepartment of Cardiology, Center Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Kaiyuan LiDepartment of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lipid-lowering therapies are widely prescribed, but their potential neuropsychiatric consequences remain incompletely understood. Clarification of these associations is clinically important given the global burden of mental disorders and the widespread use of these agents. Genetic variants within asialoglycoprotein receptor 1, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, and Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 were selected from genome-wide association study data and used as instruments in drug-target Mendelian randomization analyses. Six neuropsychiatric outcomes-suicide attempt, depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, seizures, and insomnia-were evaluated. Familial hyperlipidemia was analyzed as a positive control. Causal estimates were obtained using inverse variance weighting and weighted median methods, while sensitivity and co-localization analyses were performed to test robustness. Genetic proxies for all 4 drug targets were found to be strongly associated with reduced risk of familial hyperlipidemia, supporting instrument validity. Asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 inhibition was associated with a lower risk of depression (odds ratio [OR] = 0.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.11-0.72, P = .008). 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibition was associated with reduced risks of suicide attempt (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.68-0.99, P = .038) and schizophrenia (OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.31-0.89, P = .017). Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 inhibition was inversely associated with schizophrenia (OR = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.11-0.93, P = .037). In contrast, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibition was associated with an increased risk of epilepsy (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 0.18-0.81, P < .001). These findings suggest that lipid-lowering drug targets may exert heterogeneous effects on neuropsychiatric outcomes. Target-specific associations might point to biological pathways linking lipid metabolism and brain health, but the results should be considered exploratory. Further translational and clinical studies are required to validate and clarify their implications for patient care.

Indexed as

Hypolipidemic AgentsMental DisordersGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansHydroxymethylglutaryl CoA ReductasesMembrane Transport ProteinsMendelian Randomization AnalysisProprotein Convertase 9Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA ReductasesHypolipidemic AgentsMembrane Transport ProteinsNPC1L1 protein, humanPCSK9 protein, humanProprotein Convertase 9ASGR1HMGCRLDLneuropsychiatric disorderNPC1L1PCSK9

Identifiers

PMID41465952
PMCPMC12746950

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.