Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41467139›Full record

ArticleAACE endocrinology and diabetes

Daily Intramuscular Levothyroxine in Refractory Hypothyroidism and Malabsorption.

Thanh D Hoang, Thuy D Le, Phong N Truong, Lindsay M T Hoang, Mohamed K M Shakir

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in AACE endocrinology and diabetes. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Thanh D HoangDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.
Thuy D LeDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.
Phong N TruongDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.
Lindsay M T HoangDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.
Mohamed K M ShakirDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background/Objective: In patients with hypothyroidism, levothyroxine (LT4) monotherapy is the standard treatment; however, when standard therapy is ineffective, alternative approaches including liquid LT4, desiccated thyroid extract, LT4/liothyronine combinations, or injectable LT4 can be considered. Case Report: A 55-year-old Caucasian woman with a history of Hashimoto thyroiditis, diagnosed during her first pregnancy in 1989, was controlled on 125 mcg of Synthroid daily until undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in 2004. Several years following gastric bypass surgery, she developed persistent hypothyroidism with increased serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, low free thyroxine levels, and symptoms including fatigue, brain fog, constipation, cold intolerance, hair loss, dry skin, and delayed wound healing. Despite trials of various high-dose oral thyroid hormone regimens-including Tirosint (750 mcg daily), Synthroid (200 mcg daily), a combination of LT4 (175 mcg) and triiodothyronine (10 mcg), and Armour (150 mg daily)-her TSH level remained elevated. Thyroid hormone absorption tests revealed significant reduction in absorption: (1) 9% for Tirosint (1050 mcg), (2) 50% for Synthroid (1000 mcg), (3) 47% for Armour thyroid (600 mcg), and (4) 69% for sublingual LT4. Given her refractory hypothyroidism, intramuscular (IM) LT4 100 mcg daily was started, leading to normalization of TSH level and resolution of symptoms. Conclusion: Our manuscript highlights the importance of considering alternative therapies for hypothyroidism, including IM LT4 either daily or weekly, when the oral routes are not adequately bioavailable to normalize TSH levels and resolve symptoms. This is the first case report of successful treatment of uncontrolled hypothyroidism with daily IM LT4 in an outpatient setting. Further studies are needed.

Indexed as

hypothyroidismintramuscular levothyroxineoral levothyroxine

Identifiers

PMID41467139
PMCPMC12744786

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.