Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41468892›Full record

ArticleCell genomics2026

Evolution of protein domains and protein domain combinations provides insights into the origin and diversification of land plants.

Jia-Yu Xue, Cheng-Ao Yang, Shuaiya Hu, Hai-Yun Fan, Yan-Mei Zhang, Zhu-Qing Shao, Linzhou Li, Sibo Wang, Tong Wei, Shanshan Dong and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell genomics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Multilevel genomic constraints shape nuclear tRNA gene organization in plants.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Jia-Yu XueCollege of Horticulture, Bioinformatics Center, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China. Electronic address: xuejy@njau.edu.cn.
Cheng-Ao YangCollege of Horticulture, Bioinformatics Center, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Shuaiya HuCollege of Horticulture, Bioinformatics Center, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Hai-Yun FanCollege of Horticulture, Bioinformatics Center, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Yan-Mei ZhangJiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China.
Zhu-Qing ShaoState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
Linzhou LiState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, Key Laboratory of Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture, BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI Research, Wuhan, China.
Sibo WangState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, Key Laboratory of Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture, BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI Research, Wuhan, China.
Tong WeiState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, Key Laboratory of Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture, BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI Research, Wuhan, China.
Shanshan DongFairy Lake Botanical Garden, Shenzhen & Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518004, Guangdong, China.
Yang LiuState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, Key Laboratory of Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture, BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI Research, Wuhan, China; Fairy Lake Botanical Garden, Shenzhen & Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518004, Guangdong, China.
Zhen LiDepartment of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium. Electronic address: zhen.li@psb.vib-ugent.be.
Yves Van de PeerCollege of Horticulture, Bioinformatics Center, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa. Electronic address: yves.vandepeer@psb.vib-ugent.be.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Protein domains are fundamental units determining protein functions. This study identified all protein domains and domain combinations from 446 genomes across all major plant lineages. We discovered more domains and domain combinations in land plants than in algae. Many novel "core" protein domains were acquired in the early evolution of streptophytes, substantially enriching the genomic toolkit that enabled plants to shift from unicellular to multicellular organization and to adapt to terrestrial life. After conquering the land, the number of ancestral core domains kept decreasing in land plants; in contrast, an increasing number of non-core domains were acquired, which, together with enhanced activity of domain shuffling, generated various novel domain combinations and expanded protein diversity. We speculate that losing existing genetic elements (core domains) is not always detrimental, as it may have reduced evolutionary constraint upon species, paving the way for biological innovation (speciation) and adaptation to changing environments.

Indexed as

EmbryophytaEvolution, MolecularPlant ProteinsProtein DomainsGenome, PlantPhylogenyPlant Proteinscore and non-coredomain combinationshorizontal transferplant terrestrializationprotein domainreductive evolution

Identifiers

PMID41468892
PMCPMC13069868

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.