Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41469632›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2025

Prediction of factors influencing adults' likelihood of accepting any COVID-19 vaccination and their willingness to pay - a nation-wide discrete choice experiment among the general public from India.

Jeffrey Pradeep Raj, Thenmozhi Mani, Melvin Joy, Sukant Pandit, Charuta Godbole, Shital Bendkhale, Dhruve Soni, Jeyaseelan Lakshmanan, Nithya Jaideep Gogtay

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jeffrey Pradeep RajDivision of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, PIN - 576104, Karnataka, India. jeffrey.raj@manipal.edu.
Thenmozhi ManiDepartment of Biostatistics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.
Melvin JoyDepartment of Biostatistics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.
Sukant PanditDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, Seth GS Medical College & KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India.
Charuta GodboleDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, Seth GS Medical College & KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India.
Shital BendkhaleDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, Seth GS Medical College & KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India.
Dhruve SoniDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, Seth GS Medical College & KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India.
Jeyaseelan LakshmananDepartment of Biostatistics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.
Nithya Jaideep GogtayDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, Seth GS Medical College & KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundVaccines remain a key prevention strategy against any contagion and mitigate an epidemic/pandemic. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic vaccine uptake was not as brisk as expected right from the roll out because of concerns regarding certain vaccine attributes like effectiveness, risk of adverse events, and cost among other factors that affected decision making. Thus, a discrete choice experiment (DCE) was conducted to identify the key attributes of COVID-19 vaccine for its acceptability and people's willingness to pay for it.

methodsA pan-India digital cross-sectional survey was conducted using a non-probability convenience sampling approach among adults aged ≥ 18 years, of any gender, and residing in India for at least six months. Data were collected through the SurveyMonkey™ digital platform and distributed via organisational mailing lists and social media networks. The DCE section included six hypothetical vaccine pairs, one of which served as a trap question where one vaccine was unambiguously better than the other; respondents who failed the trap question were excluded.

resultsOf 10,000 respondents, 1,241 failed the trap question, and 8,759 valid responses were included in the analysis. Vaccine effectiveness and duration of protection emerged as the key drivers of vaccine choice, with a relative attribute importance values of 54.2% and 20.6%, respectively. Respondents were willing to pay approximately INR 1,549 (USD 20.12) for a vaccine offering 90% protection (compared to 50%) and INR 587 (USD 7.62) for a 5-year duration of protection (compared to 6 months).

conclusionWhen in a pandemic, and while seeking to achieve close to 100% vaccination, understanding these issues pertaining to vaccine acceptability such as effectiveness or duration of protection becomes imperative.

Indexed as

Attitude to HealthCOVID-19 VaccinesImmunization ProgramsPatient Acceptance of Health CareVaccinationAdolescentAdultAgedChoice BehaviorCOVID-19Cross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansIndiaMaleMiddle AgedCOVID-19 VaccinesInformed choicesLow- and middle- income countryPharmacoeconomicsVaccine complianceVaccine hesitancy

Identifiers

PMID41469632
PMCPMC12754888

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.