ArticlePlants (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Thermal Processing Techniques Differentially Modulate Phytochemicals, Antioxidant Potential, and Genoprotective Effects of Kale (
Article in Plants (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Effect of Hybrid Convective-Infrared-Ultrasonic Drying on Selected Properties of Kale and Nutritional Value of Kale Bars.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Freeze-Dried Extracts ofPreventive nutrition and food science · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Thermal processing alters the nutritional and functional properties of vegetable food. In this study, using electrophoretic, spectrophotometric, and statistical analyses, we analyzed the effects of boiling, blanching, steaming, and blanching followed by pan-frying and air-frying on the concentration of bioactive compounds in kale and chard, and the biological effects of their extracts. In addition to analyzing the vegetable tissues, the residual water remaining after thermal processing was also examined to assess the nutritional potential of this often overlooked and typically discarded by-product. The residual cooking water had the highest antioxidant capacity, according to ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP assays (57.83% ± 18.16%, 33.58% ± 16.55%, and 81.58% ± 0.78% for kale and 74.53% ± 4.56%, 13.62% ± 7.34%, and 82.97% ± 0.44% for chard, respectively). Air-frying and cooking water contained the highest total phenolics (0.48 ± 0.17 mg GAE/g fw and 0.35 ± 0.06 mg GAE/g fw for kale and 0.88 ± 0.21 mg GAE/g fw and 0.80 ± 0.06 mg GAE/g fw for chard, respectively). Thermally processed chard had a higher concentration of oxidative marker H
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.