Evidence mapPaperPMID 41470855Full record

ReviewNutrients2025

Dietary Patterns Influence Chronic Disease Risk and Health Outcomes in Older Adults: A Narrative Review.

Jordan A Gunning, Madeline F Converse, Behzad Gudarzi, Wanees Lotfallah, Susan B Racette

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Nutrients, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jordan A GunningCollege of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-4212-6958
Madeline F ConverseCollege of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.ORCID 0009-0001-3689-5147
Behzad GudarziCollege of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3718-6083
Wanees LotfallahCollege of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
Susan B RacetteCollege of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6932-1887

Funding

The Inorganic Nitrate and eXercise performance in Heart Failure (iNIX-HF): - a phase II clinical trialR33HL155858 · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$709k
Interdisciplinary Systems-based Training for Precision NutritionT32DK137525 · ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY-TEMPE CAMPUS · 2025 to 2025
$499k
NHLBI NIH HHS R33 HL155858NIDDK NIH HHS T32DK137525
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The global population is aging rapidly and the prevalence of age-related noncommunicable diseases is increasing. Favorable dietary patterns have the power to reduce the risk or progression of various age-related chronic diseases, including obesity, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, several types of cancer, and some neurodegenerative diseases. In contrast, adverse dietary patterns may contribute to the onset or progression of many chronic diseases or their risk factors. A diet rich in wholesome, nutrient-dense, minimally processed foods, such as a Mediterranean-style diet, may promote health and prevent disease through its abundance of antioxidants, fiber, omega-3 fatty acids, and micronutrients. Conversely, a diet high in nutrient-poor and ultra-processed foods may accelerate disease onset and progression by promoting inflammation and affecting metabolic pathways adversely. This narrative review summarizes the literature from clinical trials and large population-based studies on protective dietary patterns and adverse dietary patterns that influence risk of cardiovascular disease and related risk factors, cancer, Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, type 2 diabetes, frailty, and liver disease.

Indexed as

DietFeeding BehaviorAgedAgingCardiovascular DiseasesChronic DiseaseDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2HumansNeoplasmsRisk Factorsagingchronic diseasecognitive functiondietary patternsfrailtyhealth outcomeslifestylemetabolic healthnutritionultra-processed foods

Identifiers

PMID41470855
PMCPMC12735702

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.