ArticleBMJ open2025
Association between pneumoconiosis and cataract risk: a nationwide retrospective cohort study in Taiwan.
Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
objectivesTo investigate whether pneumoconiosis increases the risk of cataract.
designNationwide population-based retrospective cohort study.
settingTaiwan's National Health Insurance database, which covers >99% of the population.
participantsThe study included 19 841 adults newly diagnosed with pneumoconiosis between 2001 and 2020 and 79 364 age-matched and sex-matched individuals without pneumoconiosis. Participants with a prior history of cataract were excluded. OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was incident cataract identified through International Classification of Diseases diagnostic codes. Subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate cataract risk across different strata of age, sex and comorbidity. In addition, among patients with pneumoconiosis, we conducted a secondary analysis evaluating the association between systemic corticosteroid use and cataract development.
resultsDuring follow-up, the incidence of cataract was significantly higher in the pneumoconiosis cohort (38.9 vs 35.3 per 1000 person-years). Patients with pneumoconiosis had an increased risk of cataract after adjustment for age, sex and comorbidities (adjusted HR (aHR)=1.22, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.26). Elevated risks were observed in both men (aHR=1.22, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.26) and women (aHR=1.20, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.29). All age groups showed increased risks, with the highest estimate observed among patients aged ≥75 years (aHR=1.24, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.30). Subgroup analyses showed an increased risk in patients with pneumoconiosis who had no comorbidities (aHR=1.12, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.18). In a secondary analysis, systemic corticosteroid exposure was not significantly associated with cataract development (adjusted OR=0.65, 95% CI 0.39 to 1.09).
conclusionsPneumoconiosis is associated with an increased risk of cataract. Routine ophthalmologic surveillance should be considered in pneumoconiosis management.
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