Evidence mapPaperPMID 41477646Full record

ReviewFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2025

Dysfunctional high-density lipoprotein: an updated review.

Frances W Ouyang, Huan-Hsing Chiang, Wen-Li Hsu, Ming-Hsien Tsai, Chun-Yao Huang, Alan T Remaley, Omer Akyol, Chu-Huang Chen

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Observational
  19. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Frances W OuyangMolecular Cardiology Research Laboratories, Vascular and Medicinal Research, The Texas Heart Institute at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
Huan-Hsing ChiangMolecular Cardiology Research Laboratories, Vascular and Medicinal Research, The Texas Heart Institute at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
Wen-Li HsuNational Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes, Yunlin, Taiwan.
Ming-Hsien TsaiDepartment of Child Care, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.
Chun-Yao HuangDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Alan T RemaleyLipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Omer AkyolMolecular Cardiology Research Laboratories, Vascular and Medicinal Research, The Texas Heart Institute at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
Chu-Huang ChenMolecular Cardiology Research Laboratories, Vascular and Medicinal Research, The Texas Heart Institute at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) has earned its reputation as "good" cholesterol in cardiovascular health, primarily because of its strong inverse association with cardiovascular disease. A potential mechanism for this association is its ability to promote cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) and consequently reduce the buildup of cholesterol in arterial plaque. However, recent research underscores the importance of not only maintaining high HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) levels but also ensuring the functionality and quality of HDL particles. HDL particles exhibit various other atheroprotective activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and vasodilatory properties. Collectively, these functions are thought to contribute to reducing cardiovascular risk beyond mere cholesterol transport. Both acute and chronic inflammation can induce structural and functional changes in HDL, potentially rendering the particles pro-inflammatory. Factors that increase inflammation, such as lifestyle choices, autoimmune diseases, and oxidative stress, can adversely affect HDL functionality. Dysfunctional HDL, such as electronegative HDL H5 or HDL isolated from patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD), may lose its protective properties and even contribute to CVD progression by promoting inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial damage. Recent studies indicate that the CEC of HDL particles may serve as a more critical determinant of atheroprotection than the absolute concentration of HDL-C. This review emphasizes the need to focus on both quantity and quality of HDL to reduce cardiovascular risk more effectively. Understanding the mechanisms behind HDL's protective effects provide valuable insights into heart health and potential therapeutic strategies.

Indexed as

cardiovascular diseasedysfunctionalelectronegativityhigh-density lipoprotein (HDL)inflammationoxidative stress

Identifiers

PMID41477646
PMCPMC12748247

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.