ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025
Remodeling the tumor microenvironment: regulatory effects of β-sitosterol and luteolin on the immunosuppressive milieu in endometrial carcinoma and implications for combinatorial immunotherapy.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Glymphatic-meningeal lymphatic system imbalance: a peripheral-to-central inflammatory bridge in perioperative neurocognitive disorders.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immunogenic cell death in cold tumors: transforming immune-excluded tumors into immunotherapy-sensitive lesions.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Endometrial carcinoma (EC), particularly high-risk molecular subtypes like p53abn and NSMP, is frequently characterized by a tumor immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) that drives progression, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. This immunosuppressive milieu is orchestrated by key cellular components, including M2-polarized tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), regulatory T cells (Tregs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), PD-L1-expressing tumor cells, and pro-fibrotic cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which collectively inhibit effector T cell function and promote immune exclusion/desert phenotypes. Natural products offer promising multi-targeted strategies to remodel the TME. This review comprehensively summarizes the potent immunomodulatory effects of the phytosterol β-sitosterol (BSS) and the flavonoid luteolin (Lut) specifically within the EC TME. We detail how BSS and Lut synergistically reprogram TAMs towards an M1 phenotype, inhibit Treg differentiation/function and MDSC expansion, enhance CD8
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.