ArticleWorld journal of diabetes2025
Association of ICAM-1 Gene Polymorphisms with Diabetic Retinopathy in T2DM Patients from Northern India: Case-control and meta-analysis.
Article in World journal of diabetes, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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4 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss in working-age adults, with prevalence varying by population and reaching ~ 34% in northern India. DR arises from chronic hyperglycemia-driven oxidative stress, inflammation, and microvascular dysfunction. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is central to leukocyte adhesion and retinal vascular injury; circulating ICAM-1 is elevated in patients and experimental models. Genetic variants in ICAM-1, notably c.1405A>G (rs5498) and c.721G>A (rs1799969), have been examined as risk markers for microvascular complications. Yet associations with DR are inconsistent across ethnicities, and robust data from northern India are limited, underscoring the need for population-specific studies.
aimTo determine the association of
methodsThe present study included 614 participants: 302 patients with T2DM and DR and 312 patients with T2DM but without DR. The
resultsThe allele frequency and genotype distribution of
conclusionThe ICAM-1 rs5498 GG genotype increased retinopathy risk 1.61-fold in northern Indians. Meta-analysis of nine studies found no Asian association; a Caucasian signal warrants caution given limited subgroups and heterogeneity.
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