Evidence mapPaperPMID 41482864Full record

ReviewGut microbes2026

The gut microbiota and host immunity synergistically orchestrate colonization resistance.

Na Li, Xiaohuan Guo

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Gut microbes, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
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  6. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Na LiInstitute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Xiaohuan GuoInstitute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0001-5152-3010

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Colonization resistance is a fundamental host defense mechanism that relies on the synergistic interaction between the gut microbiota and the host immune system to prevent enteric pathogen colonization and infection. This review synthesizes current knowledge of the multifaceted mechanisms governing colonization resistance against intestinal pathogens. We examine how commensal microbes directly suppress pathogens through niche and nutrient competition, contact-dependent inhibition, and the production of antimicrobial compounds and metabolites. From the host perspective, we outline the essential roles of gut barriers, innate and adaptive immunity, and antimicrobial peptides in maintaining microbiota homeostasis while selectively restricting pathogen expansion. We also emphasize the role of IL-22 signaling and its regulation of epithelial glycosylation, which modulates nutrient availability and shapes microbial competitiveness. Finally, we discuss key challenges and future research directions in colonization resistance and related translational research, with the goal of informing novel strategies to prevent and treat intestinal infections and inflammatory diseases.

Indexed as

Gastrointestinal MicrobiomeHost Microbial InteractionsAdaptive ImmunityAnimalsAntimicrobial PeptidesBacteriaHomeostasisHost-Pathogen InteractionsHumansImmunity, InnateInterleukin-22InterleukinsAntimicrobial PeptidesInterleukin-22InterleukinsColonization resistanceepithelial glycosylationgut microbiotahost immunityhost-microbiota interactionIL-22

Identifiers

PMID41482864
PMCPMC12773493

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.